| 王 娅 吴永贵 付天岭 张春辉.酸性矿山废水对稻田土壤中磷形态及磷有效性的影响[J].广东农业科学,2015,42(1):138-142 |
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酸性矿山废水对稻田土壤中磷形态及磷有效性的影响 |
| Impacts of acid mine drainage on form andavailability of phosphorus in paddy soil |
| 投稿时间：2014-09-02 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: AMD 稻田土壤 磷形态 有效磷 |
| 英文关键词: AMD paddy soil phosphorus form available phosphorus |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1792 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 选择我国西南典型喀斯特地区的稻田土壤为研究对象，通过模拟不同污染浓度酸性矿山废
水（AMD）的污灌试验，分析稻田土壤磷酸铁类化合物（Fe-P）、磷酸钙类化合物（Ca-P
）、磷酸铝类化合物（Al-P）、闭蓄态磷（O-P）等不同矿物形态磷及土壤总磷和有效磷的
变化，并初步探讨 AMD 中主要污染因子 pH 值、Fe3+对稻田土壤磷释放的作用，评价 AMD
持续污染对稻田土壤不同磷形态及磷有效性的影响。 结果表明：在 AMD 添加比例小于
50%时，随着 AMD 污染浓度的持续增加，稻田土壤中 Fe-P 呈显著升高的趋势（P=0.0001）
，在 AMD 添加比例为 50%~75%时土壤中 Fe-P 趋于稳定，并在无机磷总量中占绝对优势；
而 Ca-P、O-P、Al-P 在 AMD 0.1%~1%极低污染水平下含量显著升高，而在 AMD 大于 1%后
又均呈显著降低的趋势（PCa-P=0.0003、PO-P=0.0001、PAlP=0.0001）；土壤有效磷和 Ca-P
、O-P、Al-P 有基本一致的变化趋势，说明较高 AMD 污染程度可造成稻田土壤有效磷的显
著淋失。 土壤有机磷含量在 0%~10% AMD 浓度范围内先小幅上升，在 AMD 浓度 10%~75%
范围内趋于平稳，当 AMD 浓度大于 75%时，土壤有机磷含量与 AMD 浓度呈显著负相关
（P=0.030）。 稻田土壤中总磷的含量随着 AMD 污染程度的增加呈先小幅上升后持续降低
的趋势，但总体变化不明显。 对应 AMD 相应比例下的 pH 值和 Fe3+浓度，单独的 pH 值降
低对土壤中磷（Ca-P）溶出效果不明显，而结合铁的添加可显著增加土壤中磷（Ca-P）的
溶解。 综上，酸性矿山废水污染可显著改变稻田土壤中磷的存在形态及有效性，其中 AMD
中高含量的 Fe3+污染造成的影响最大。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The paddy soil in typical karst region of Southwest China were selected to simulate variation of different
mineral forms of phosphorus including iron phosphate (Fe-P), calcium phosphate (Ca-P), occluded phosphorus (O-P),
aluminum phosphate phosphorus (Al-P), total phosphorus and available phosphorus by sewage irrigation experiment of
acid mine drainage pollution (AMD). It was also designed to investigate the impact of pH and iron ions in AMD on
releasing of phosphorus from the paddy soil and to estimate the effects of AMD continuous pollution on forms of
phosphorus and available phosphorus in paddy soil. The results showed that Fe-P in paddy soil significantly increased (P=
0.0001) at low addition of AMD when the ratio of AMD was lower than 50% and then kept stable at 50%-75%. As well,
Fe -P was the main form of total inorganic phosphorus in paddy soil. The contents of Ca -P, O -P, Al -P increased
significantly at extremely low ratio of 0.1%-1% and then decreased at high ratio above 1% (PCa-P=0.0003, PO-P=0.0001, PAl-
P=0.0001). Available phosphorus had the same trend with Ca-P, O-P, Al-P, which indicated that high AMD content could
cause significant leaching of phosphorus. The organic phosphorus content in soil had slight rise at level of 0%-10%, and
then kept stable at 10%-75%, and finally showed a negative relationship (P=0.030) with AMD concentration when the ratio
exceeded 75%. The content of total phosphorus increased slightly at the beginning and then continually declined with the
increase of pollution, but the overall change was not obvious. The reduce of pH had no obvious impact on
dissolution of phosphorus (Ca-P), but the impact could be significant by addition of iron. It concludes that the acid
mine drainage pollution can significantly impact the forms and effectiveness of phosphorus in paddy soil, especially
in the high iron content of AMD pollution. |
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