| 林 鑫，吴林宣，陈志强，王 慧，刘永柱，肖武名，黄 明.水稻重离子诱变早熟突变体M85S特征特性及配合力遗传力分析[J].广东农业科学,2018,45(8):1-8 |
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水稻重离子诱变早熟突变体M85S特征特性及配合力遗传力分析 |
| Characteristics and combining ability, heritability of M85S, a early mutant induced by heavy ion in rice |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2018.08.001 |
| 中文关键词: 杂交水稻 光温敏核不育系 重离子诱变 早熟性 配合力 遗传力 |
| 英文关键词: hybrid rice photo-thermo sensitive genic male sterile (PTGMS) line heavy ion mutagenesis early
maturity combining ability heritability |
| 基金项目:广东省科技计划项目（2017B020201013）；国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0101100，2016YFD0102102） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了利用水稻光温敏核不育系重离子诱变早熟突变体M85S的潜在育种价值，对水稻光温敏核不育系早熟突变体M85S的特征特性及其所配组的F1代产量构成性状体现的配合力及遗传力进行分析。利用2个光温敏水稻不育系和8个恢复系按2×8不完全双列杂交（NCⅡ）设计配组，对亲本配合力及遗传力进行分析，结果表明，12个农艺性状及产量相关性状区组间差异不显著，组合间差异极显著，说明组合间存在真实的遗传差异，12个性状的遗传受基因加性效应和非加性效应的共同影响，遗传关系复杂。M85S播始历期一般配合力的相对效应值为负值（-2.40%），单株产量一般配合力的相对效应值为正（0.18%），表现为正效应。播始历期、有效穗数、一次枝梗数、穗长、千粒重和粒长的群体一般配合力方差占绝对高的比例，基因的遗传效应占主导作用；株高、总粒数、实粒数和单株产量的群体特殊配合力方差占绝对高的比例，环境效应占主导作用。12个性状的广义遗传力从大到小依次为：粒长＞播始历期＞千粒重＞总粒数＞穗长＞实粒数＞粒宽＞一次枝梗数＞有效穗数＞单株产量＞结实率＞株高。综合两个条件，在试验中所组配的16个杂交F1代中，根据各性状的特殊配合力与一般配合力可知，M85S/创香5号与M85S …/航恢1179两个组合较符合早熟与丰产的要求，可见M85S是水稻育种中具有较高应用价值的早熟种质资源，可从遗传上间接协调早熟与丰产矛盾。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to utilize the potential breeding value of M85S, an early rice mutant of photo-thermo
sensitive genic male sterile (PTGMS) line induced by heavy ion, the characteristics of M85S were analyzed, and the
combining ability and heritability of yield components of F1 generation matched with M85S were also studied. Two
PTGMS lines and eight restorer lines were designed according to 2×8 incomplete double-crossing (NCII) design. The
results showed that the differences between the 12 agronomic traits and yield-related traits were not significant, and
the differences among the combinations were extremely significant, indicating that there were real genetic differences among the combinations, and the genetic traits of 12 traits were influenced by both additive and non-additive, and
the genetic relationship was complex. The relative effect value of general combining ability (GCA) of sowing duration
of M85S was negative (-2.40%), while for yield per plant, it was positive (0.18%), showing a positive effect. The
percentage of GCA variance of population with sowing duration, effective panicles, primary branches, panicle length,
1000-grain weight and grain length was absolutely high, and the genetic effect of genes was dominant. The percentage
of specific combining ability (SCA) variance of population with plant height, total grain number, full grain number
and yield per plant was absolutely high, and the environmental effect played a dominant role. The general heritability
of 12 traits from large to small was grain length ＞ sowing duration ＞ 1000-grain weight ＞ total grain number ＞
ear length ＞ grain number ＞ grain width ＞ primary branch number ＞ effective ear number ＞ yield per plant
＞ seed setting rate ＞ plant height. According to the SCA and GCA of the 16 F1 hybrids, the combination of M85S/
Chuangxiang 5 and M85S/Hanghui 1179 met the requirements of early maturity and high yield. It can be concluded
that M85S is an early-maturing germplasm resource with high application value in rice breeding, which can indirectly
coordinate the contradiction between early maturity and high yield genetically. |
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