| 陈嘉敏 1，2，郭茂超 1
，朱志强 1
，罗美林 1
，魏 蜜.省沽油叶枯病病原菌的分离鉴定及药剂筛选试验[J].广东农业科学,2019,46(3):101-106 |
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省沽油叶枯病病原菌的分离鉴定及药剂筛选试验 |
| Isolation and Identification of Pathogen of Staphylea bumalda Leaf Blight and Test of Fungicide Screening |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2019.03.016 |
| 中文关键词: 省沽油（Staphylea bumalda） 互隔交链孢霉 叶枯病 药剂筛选 致病性测定 |
| 英文关键词: shenguyou (Staphylea bumalda) Alternaria alternate brown leaf blight chemicals selection pathogenicitydetermination |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（31600055 ）；中国博士后基金面上项目 （2018M642815） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】在孝感市农科院试验园发现一种引起省沽油叶枯病的新病害，明确了该病害的病原物和
防治药剂。【方法】通过对病原菌分离培养、致病性测定、形态学观察、分子生物学鉴定、脂肪酸成分辅助分
析及其室内防治药剂筛选进行初步研究。【结果】该病害是由互隔交链孢霉（Alternaria alternate）真菌引起的，
该病原菌菌落为青灰色，分生孢子串联成长链状，大小为 3.5~15.8 μm×7.6~46.5 μm，有 2~10 个横隔膜和 0~3
个纵斜隔膜。且接种病原菌 14 d 后叶片的症状与田间发病植物相似，再次从接种后发病叶片重新分离出病原真
菌，分子鉴定结果显示分离出的病原菌与接种真菌一致。在供试药剂中，戊唑 • 咪鲜胺抑菌效果最好，EC50 最低，
为 0.4004 μg/mL，在药剂包装推荐使用浓度基础上再稀释 5 000 倍，仍有抑菌作用，抑菌率达 42.8%。其次是烯
酰 • 咪鲜胺、福 • 福锌和三环 • 氟环唑，EC50 分别为 1.4619、1.756、6.0559 μg/mL。【结论】首次发现引起省沽
油叶枯病的病原物为互格交链孢霉（Alternaria alternate）真菌，在供试药剂中戊唑 • 咪鲜胺抑菌效果最好。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】A new disease causing Staphylea bumalda leaf blight was observed in the experimental
garden in Xiaogan Academy of Agricultural Sciences and its pathogen and fungicides were identified. 【Method】
Preliminary research was conducted through the isolation and culture of pathogen, pathogenicity determination，
morphological observation，molecular biological identification, fatty acid composition analysis and screening of indoor
fungicides.【Result】The disease was caused by Alternaria alternate fungus. The bacterial colony of the pathogen was
steel-gray，and the conidia were connected in series to form a chain with a size of 3.5-15.8 μm×7.6-46.5 μm with 2-10
transverse septa and 0-3 longitudinal and oblique septa. In addition, it was observed that the symptoms of leaves were
similar to those of diseased plants in the field 14 days after inoculation of pathogen. The pathogenic fungi were re-isolated
from the diseased leaves after inoculation. Molecular identification results showed that the isolated pathogens were
consistent with inoculated fungus. Among the tested fungicides, Amidazole amidazine had the best bacteriostatic effect,with EC50 being the lowest at 0.4004 (g/mL). After being diluted 5 000 times on the basis of recommended concentration
indicated on fungicide packaging, it still had bacteriostatic effect with a bacteriostatic rate is 42.8%. The effects of Enoyl
imidamine, Fu Fu zine and Tricyclic fluoryclazole were inferior to that of Amidazole amidazine, with an EC50 of 1.461 9 μg/mL,
1.756 2 μg/mL, 6.055 9 μg/mL, respectively.【Conclusion】For the first time, the pathogen causing S. bumalda leaf blight
was found to be A. Alternate fungi. Among the four tested fungicides, Amidazole amidazine had the best bacteriostatic effect. |
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