| 徐国伟，翟志华，陈 珂，王贺正，李友军.不同秸秆还田量对直播水稻生长特性的影响[J].广东农业科学,2015,42(16):1-6 |
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不同秸秆还田量对直播水稻生长特性的影响 |
| Effects of different amounts of wheat-residue applicationon growth of direct-seeding rice |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 水稻 直播 秸秆还田 产量 生育特性 |
| 英文关键词: rice direct seedling wheat-residue returning yield growth and development characteristics |
| 基金项目:河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目
（13A210266）；江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室开放基
金（027388003K11009） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以徐稻3 号为材料进行盆栽试验，设置3、4.5、6、7.5 t/hm2 4 种秸秆还田处理，以秸秆不还田为
对照，通过测定不同秸秆还田处理下直播稻的产量及产量构成、干物质重、叶面积指数、根系活性等指标，探
讨不同麦秸还田量对直播水稻生长发育特性的影响。结果表明：随着秸秆还田量增加，直播水稻产量表现出
先增加后降低的趋势，有效穗数随着麦秸还田量的增加而降低，结实率、千粒重表现为先增加后降低；秸秆
还田量在6 t/hm2 时，直播水稻较对照增产17.9%，过量的秸秆还田量（7.5 t/hm2）导致每穗粒数明显减少从
而导致减产；秸秆还田降低直播水稻生长前期干物质的积累、叶面积指数、根系活性、根系吸收面积，提高
直播水稻生长后期的根系活性、根系吸收面积、干物质的积累和叶面积指数，过量的秸秆还田会使各项
指标降低，盆栽条件下适宜的秸秆还田量为6 t/hm2。表明秸秆还田量为6 t/hm2 有利于直播稻生长发育及产
量形成。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| More than half of wheat residues are burnt or discarded for years in China，which not only wastes organic
fertilizer source，but also pollutes the environment. To investigate the effects of different amounts of wheat-residue
application on growth and development of direct-seeding rice，the mid-season japonica rice cultivar of Xudao 3 was
directly sown in the pot，and treatments of wheat-residue application（3，4.5，6 and 7.5 t/hm2） were set，the indicators
of dry matter weight，leaf area index（LAI），root bleeding，root activity，root absorption area，yield and component
were detected. The results showed that yield of direct-seeding rice first increased and then deduced with the increase of
wheat-residue application（the residue was incorporated into soil），the same trend could be observed on seed setting
rate and 1000-grain weight，while the effective panicles increased. Yield of direct-seeding rice increased by 17.9% with
straw returning amount of 6 t/hm2，compared with the wheat-residue removal treatment，while excess straw returning
decreased grain yield，resulting in a significant reduction of grain number per panicle. The dry matter accumulation，
LAI，root activity and root absorption area reduced at the earlier stage with the straw returning，while the opposite
result could be observed after the heading stage and all index decreased under the condition of redundant wheatstraw
returning. So the appropriate amount of straw returning was 6 t/hm2 under the condition of pot. Reasons for the
characteristics of soil in direct-seeding rice，growth and development under different amounts of residue returning were
discussed，to provide theoretical basis for clean and light simplified cultivation in rice. |
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