| Based on the resources survey of wild orchids from 2010 to 2013 and review of relevant literature, this
paper analyzed species composition, diversity and floristic geography of wild orchids in Guiyang. The results showed that,
species in Guiyang is rich, there were 80 species belonging to 34 genera of Orchidaceae, among which Cymbidium species
was the most, accounting for 16.25%, each of 23 genera including Spiranthes, Ischnogyne, Monomeria accounted for 1.25%.
The distribution of wild orchids was wide, covering 6 major forest types in Guizhou, but mostly concentrated in altitude at
800-1 200 m where ecological and environmental protection was good. Life-type composition was complete, edaphic type
and epiphytic type were the main, there were 48 species of edaphic type, accounting for 60.00% of the total species
number; there were 29 species of epiphytic type, accounting for 36.25%; there were only 3 species of saprophytic type,
accounting for 3.75%. Floristic composition was rich, could be divided into 10 types and a variant, tropical ingredients
were the main, and temperate followed by temperate-zone ones; the proportion of endemic species was large, two genera
and 24 species were unique to China, accounting for 5.88% and 30.00%, respectively. There was large number of
threatened species, among which the numbers of near threatened species, vulnerable species, endangered species and
extreme danger species were 36, 33, 8 and 1, respectively, the number of no danger species was only 2. |
