| 谭乾开1，黎华寿2，林洁1.除草剂影响下南方双季稻田
冬季杂草群落调查分析[J].广东农业科学,2014,41(8):107-115 |
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除草剂影响下南方双季稻田
冬季杂草群落调查分析 |
| Investigation of winter weed community in doublerice cropping paddy applied by herbicides |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 双季稻田 杂草 优势种 群落演替 稻田冬种 |
| 英文关键词: double cropping rice paddy weed dominant species community succession winter paddy cropping |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（30870413） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1403 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了明确不同除草剂对稻田冬季杂草群落演替的影响，对双季稻千亩高产示范片内的冬闲田、田埂、冬
种马铃薯田等3 种典型田块的主要杂草群落进行了动态调查，共调查样地10 个，采集杂草植株10 586 株，杂草分属
为18 科，50 种，其中未鉴定种4 种。结果表明院在不同除草剂影响下，冬闲田、田埂、冬种马铃薯田地块间的杂草生
物多样性指标均有显著差异，其中，冬种马铃薯田样地的Shannon-Wiener 多样性指数（H）、Pielou 均匀性指数（J）、
Simpson 优势度指数（C）最高，密度-类群指数（DG）则以田埂样地最大，冬闲田与田埂、冬种马铃薯的Sorenson 相似
性系数（S1）大于50%，相似性较高，而样地的Whittaker 相似性系数（S2）相对较低。10 个双季稻千亩高产示范片内的
杂草群落重建后的优势种类是牛繁缕（Malachium aquaticum（L.）Fries）、扁蓄（Polygonum aviculare L）、狗牙根
（Cynodon dactylon）、看麦娘（Alopecurus aequalis Sobol），并形成依次为“石竹科+蓼科+禾本科”的演替模式，1 年生易
除杂草群落逐渐演替为多年生恶性杂草。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to identify the impact of different herbicides on the shift of weed community, the main weed
community of the rice-rice-winter follow field (WF), rice-rice-potato (RRP) and rice-rice-field ridge (FR) in the high
yield demonstration area of double rice cropping in Enping City, Guangdong was surveyed from November of 2011 to March
of 2012. The results showed that there were 10 586 weed plants, including 18 families, 50 species and 4 unknown species
collected in 10 sampling plots. The biodiversity index of weeds in RRP , WF and FR had significant differenceP<0.05
under the influence of different herbicides. The indexes of diversity(H), evenness(J) and dominance(C) of weeds in RRP
were the highest. The destiny-group (DG) index of weeds in WF was the highest. To the Sorenson爷s similarity indexS1,
all those three weeds plots of the RRP, WF and FR were greater than 50%. However, the Whittaker爷s similarity indexS2
was relatively low. Besides, the dominant species weed in those communities after the reconstruction from double rice
cropping were Malachium aquaticum (L.) Fries, Polygonum aviculare L, Cynodon dactylon and Alopecurus aequalis Sobol.
They developed a succession pattern of caryophyllaceae+ polygonaceae+ gramineae. The results showed that the
dominant weed species were gradually succeeded from annual less-damage weeds to the perennial virulent weeds. It was
clear that tillage method and herbicide could affect the weed composition, diversity and stability significantly. |
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