| 谭明辉，霍光华，彭玉萌，李芳.木荷和无患子等植物组方杀稻瘟剂的药效及其安全性[J].广东农业科学,2014,41(16):85-89 |
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木荷和无患子等植物组方杀稻瘟剂的药效及其安全性 |
| Efficacy and safety of blasticidin agent prepared by Schima superba, Sapindus mukorossi and other plants |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 木荷 无患子 杀稻瘟剂 稻瘟病 药效 安全性 |
| 英文关键词: Schima superba Sapindus mukorossi blasticidin agent Magnaporthe oryzae efficacy safety |
| 基金项目:江西省研究生创新专项(YC2012-S060)；江西省科技支撑计划项目( 2010BNA08800)；国家自然科学基金(31060250，21266010） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为确定所研制的植物源组方杀稻瘟剂（SSMC）的药效及其安全性，采用菌丝生长速率法和药剂喷雾法研究了该制剂的体外抗稻瘟病菌活性，体内盆栽预防和治疗作用以及田间叶、穗瘟防治效果。根据野农药登记资料要求冶的规定，按照叶化学农药环境安全评价试验准则曳评价其环境安全性。结果显示，该制剂抑制稻瘟病菌菌丝生长的EC50为257.0mg/L；当浓度为20000 mg/L时，对易感水稻品种C101PKT和抗性水稻品种两优287的预防效果分别为93.3%和92.6%，治疗效果分别为90.3%和91.4%；在每667 m2用量为120、360、600g时，对易感水稻品种深两优9152叶瘟的防效分别为13.04%、44.15%和53.68%，中、高浓度明显优于生产上使用的三环唑效果曰在每667m2用量为180、540、900g时，对穗瘟的防效分别为18%、22.87%和43.68%。高浓度的SSMC 对水稻穗瘟的防治效果接近生产上使用的三环唑效果，空瘪率显著降低，千粒重显著提高。蜜蜂、鲤鱼毒性试验结果表明，该制剂属中等以下毒性农药。由此可见，该制剂可望用于绿色水稻生产上防治稻瘟病。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To determine the efficacy and safety of the developed botanical formula blasticidin agent(SSMC), the mycelium growth rate and pharmaceutical spray method were used to study the activity in vitro on resist ing Magnaporthe oryzae, in vivo bonsai prevention and cure, and field preventing and controlling effect on rice leaf blast and rice panicle blast. According to the regulation of 野pesticide registration data requir-ements冶and the chemical pesticide environmental safety evaluation test guidelines method, the environmental safety of the blasticidin agent was evaluated. The results were as follows: the median effective concentr ation(EC50) of blasticidin agent was 257.0 mg/L. When the concentration was 20 000 mg/L, the prevention effect on susceptible rice varieties C101PKT and resistant rice varieties two optimal 287 were 93.3% and 92.6%, the cure effect were 90.3% and 91.4%. When the dosage per acre-age for resisting leaf blast were 120g, 360 g and 600 g, the control effect for deep two optimal 9152 were 13.04%, 44.15% and 53.68%. It爷s control effect ofmiddle and high concen tration were superior to tricyclazole which was used in production. When the dosage per acreage of the blasticidin agent for resisting panicle blast were 180 g, 540 g and 900 g, the control effect were 18%, 22.87% and 43.68%. It爷s control effect of high concentration was near to tricyclazole which was used in production. The empty flat rate significantly reduced and the 1000-grain weight significantly enhanced. Toxicity experiment of bees and carp indicated that the blasticidin agent belonged to moderate toxic pesticide. Thus it can be used for producing green rice on controlling M.oryzae. |
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