| 袁德梽.不同灌水下限对水稻生长特性及产量的影响[J].广东农业科学,2014,41(20):9-14 |
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不同灌水下限对水稻生长特性及产量的影响 |
| Effects of irrigation threshold on growth characteristics and yield of rice |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 灌水 水稻 生长特性 产量 |
| 英文关键词: irrigation rice growth characteristics yield |
| 基金项目:重庆高等职业技术院校应用技术推广中心项目（TG1310002） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了给水稻生长过程中适宜灌溉下限指标提供参考，以银粳2号水稻为试材，研究了不同灌水下限（20%、40%、60%、80%）对水稻生长特性及产量的影响。结果表明：灌水下限对水稻生长、生理特性、光合指标和产量影响较大，灌水处理下水稻生长指标变化趋势基本一致；随着灌水下限的增加，水稻生长指标（主根长、株高、茎粗、叶面积指数、比叶重、地上和地下生物量）、生理指标（保护酶SOD、POD、CAT和非保护酶PAL、PPO活性、叶绿素、可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖）、光合特性（净光合速率Pn、蒸腾速率Tr、气孔导度Gs、胞间CO2 浓度Ci、光饱和点LSP、光补偿点LCP、表观资产额AQY尧羧化效率CE、气孔限制值Ls 和水分利用效率WUE）均表现为先上升后下降趋势，游离脯氨酸和丙二醛（MDA）含量逐渐降低；当灌水下限为60%时，水稻幼苗生长各指标最大，80%次之，灌水下限为20%时水稻幼苗生长各指标达到最小，60%~80%可作为水稻育苗的灌水下限指标；灌水处理并没有改变水稻光合日变化趋势，不同灌水处理下水稻净光合速率（Pn）日变化均呈双峰曲线，胞间CO2 浓度（Ci）、气孔导度（Gs）和蒸腾速率
（EVAP）日变化与光合速率（Pn）日变化趋势相反，说明了气孔限制导致了光合“午休”现象。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to provide irrigation references for rice growth, taking rice variety Yinjing 2 as test material, the
effects of different irrigation threshold treatments (20%, 40%, 60%, 40%) on growth characteristics and yield of rice were
studied. The results as following: the trend of growth, physiological characteristics, photosynthesis and yield of rice was
basically consistent under different irrigation threshold, growth indicators (taproot length, height, stem diameter, leaf area index, specific leaf weight, aboveground and underground biomass), physiological indicators (protective enzymes like SOD,POD, CAT and protective enzymes like PPO, PAL and photosynthetic characteristics [photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (E), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), light compensation point(LCP), light saturation point of (LSP), apparent assets (AQY), carboxylation efficiency (CE), limiting value of stomata (Ls), water use efficiency (WUE)] first increased and then decreased with the increase of irrigation threshold, while the free proline and malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased. When the irrigation threshold was 60% of the relative water content of medium, each index of seedling growth was greater than that of seedlings under other irrigation thresholds, followed by the 80% treatment and the lowest was the 20% treatment, so it was suggested that 60%-80% of the relative water content of medium could be the optimum irrigation threshold in rice raising. We also concluded that irrigation threshold did not change the daily variation of photosynthetic characteristics of rice. The daily variation of Pn was in bimodal curve, and stomatal limitation resulted in different levels of photosynthetic “lunch break” phenomenon, while the daily variation of Ci, Gs and EVAP was in “W”word which were opposite to Pn. |
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