| 王国琴，刘仁祥，段兴友，等.烟草烟碱含量性状的杂种优势及配合力分析[J].广东农业科学,2015,42(11):36-41 |
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烟草烟碱含量性状的杂种优势及配合力分析 |
| Analysis on heterosis and combining abilityof nicotine content in tobacco |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 烟草 烟碱 杂种优势 配合力 |
| 英文关键词: t oba cco nico t ine he t er osis combining ability |
| 基金项目: |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1383 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为拓宽烤烟烟碱性状改良的种质资源范围，以4 种烟草类型13 个品种为亲本材料，采用NCII 遗
传交配设计，组配40 个杂交组合，田间种植并测定亲本及杂种F1 的烟叶烟碱含量，对烟叶烟碱含量差异、杂种
优势表现、烟碱的配合力进行分析。结果显示：不同类型及品种间的烟叶烟碱含量差异极显著，其中白肋烟品种
TN90 的烟碱含量最高、为5.21%，晒晾烟品种青梗的烟碱含量最低、为0.94%。烟碱含量性状的杂种优势表现多
样，40 个杂交组合中，表现为正向超亲优势的组合有15 个、占37.5%，其中优势最强的组合是G70×湄潭大蛮烟，
优势率为54.35%；表现为负向超亲优势的组合有10 个、占25%，其中优势最强的组合是红花大金元×湄潭大蛮
烟，优势率为-26.71%；表现为中亲优势的组合有15 个、占37.5%。亲本材料间烟碱含量的一般配合力差异显著，
其中一般配合力效应值最高的是巴斯玛、为21.35，最低的是青梗、为-15.77；组合间烟碱含量的特殊配合力差
异极显著，其中特殊配合力效应值最高的是G70× 湄潭大蛮烟、为29.80，最低的是红花大金元× 湄潭大蛮烟、
为-40.05。表明烟草烟碱含量性状改良的遗传资源丰富，在烤烟育种中引入其他烟草类型的优良性状，同时筛选
烟叶烟碱含量符合生产需求的烤烟新品种是可行的。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to broaden the scope of germplasm resources for nicotine improvement of flue-cured tobacco，with 13varieties of four kinds of tobacco types as materials，NCII genetic mating design was used to equip with 40 cross combinations，they were planted in the field，and the nicotine contents of parents and F1 were measured to analyze the differences，heterosisperformance and combining ability of nicotine contents in tobacco leaves. The results showed that the nicotine contents ofdifferent types and varieties were significantly different，burley TN90 had the highest with 5.21%，Qinggeng had the lowest with0.94%. The heterosis performance of nicotine content was diverse. In the 40 cross combinations，there were 15 positive overparentcross combinations，accounting for 37.5%，and cross combination G70 × Meitandaman had the strongest advantage with54.35%. There were 10 negative over-parent cross combinations，accounting for 25%，and cross combination Honghuadajinyuan× Meitandaman had the strongest advantage with -26.71%. There were 15 mid-parent cross combinations，accounting for37.5%. The general combining ability（GCA）of nicotine content in different parent materials was significantly different. TheGCA value of Basma was the highest，with 21.35；and the lowest was Qinggeng，with -15.77. The specific combining ability（SCA）of nicotine content in different combinations was significantly different. The SCA value of G70 × Meitandaman crosscombination was the highest，with 29.80；and the lowest was Honghuadajinyuan × Meitandaman cross combination，with-40.05. Results indicate that，the genetic improvementresources of nicotine content are abundant. In flue-curedtobacco breeding，introducing the good traits of other tobaccotypes，and screening new varieties of flue-cured tobaccowhose nicotine content comply the production needs arefeasible. |
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