| 卓驰夫，彭友林，陈 敬，张圣豪，杨国涛，王学春，陈永军，胡运高.65 份水稻种质的产量性状遗传多样性分析[J].广东农业科学,2017,44(3):8-16 |
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65 份水稻种质的产量性状遗传多样性分析 |
| Genetic diversity analysis of 65 rice cultivarsby using yield related traits |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2017.03.002 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻 育种 遗传多样性 主成分 聚类分析 |
| 英文关键词: rice breeding genetic diversity principal component cluster analysis |
| 基金项目:国家科技支撑计划项目（2014BAD01B03-3）；杂交水稻国家重点实验室（湖南杂交水稻研究中心）
开放课题基金（2014KF01）；四川省省属高校科研创新团队建设计划项目（14TD0011）；国家现代农业产业技术体系
四川水稻创新团队岗位专家项目（川农业函〔2014〕91）；西南大学博士基金（15ZX7118）；国家转基因生物新品种
培育重大专项（2016ZX08001-002） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以65 份来自种质资源库的水稻品种为材料，根据品种的产量性状进行统计分析、多样性
指数分析以及相关性分析。结果表明，供试材料在产量性状上存在丰富的遗传多样性，多样性指数介于
1.607～2.000 之间，单株产量与单株有效穗数、每穗实粒数及穗着粒数存在极显著的正相关，相关系数分别
为0.346、0.586 和0.508；聚类分析结果表明，65 个水稻材料可聚为22 个类群，说明供试材料的遗传距离较
远，种质资源分化程度较高；通过主成分分析，获得3 个主成分，累积贡献率达到85.212%，并通过对应的
特征向量获得3 个主成分因子，分别为粒数因子、结实率因子及有效穗数因子，可以作为种质资源综合评
价指标。通过每个品种的各主成分排名及综合排名对各品种进行综合评价，排前5 名的水稻材料分别为奥
野占6 号、R995、油粘8 号、丝苗12 和R998。在水稻育种中应注意利用具有丰富遗传多样性的种质资源，
并在亲本选配时选择遗传距离较远且综合性状表现差异较大的种质材料。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to reveal the genetic diversity of 65 hybrid rice cultivars from germplasm bank, using
statistical method, genetic diversity index and correlation index of yield related characters were obtained. According
to yield related characters, there existed abundant genetic diversities, the genetic diversity indexes ranged from 1.607
to 2.000. The yield per plant was significantly positive correlated with panicle number per plant, grain number per
panicle and total number grains, the correlation coefficients were 0.346, 0.586 and 0.508, respectively. Clustering
analysis indicated that germplasm resources had a high degree of differentiation, 65 rice cultivars were clustered to 22
subpopulations. Three principal components was extracted by PCA, including spikelet number, seed setting rate and
panicle number. Their accumulative contribution rate was 85.212%, which can be used as comprehensive evaluation
for all cultivars. According to order each principal component score and comprehensive score, top five of 65 cultivars
included Aoyezhan6, R995, Youzhan8, Simiao12 and R998. As a result, germplasm resources of abundant genetic diversity should be concerned, and larger differences of genetic distance and comprehensive performance between
parents should be selected in rice breeding. |
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