| 邓 盾，王 刚，陈卫东，马现永.低蛋白日粮在不同生长阶段猪上的应用研究进展[J].广东农业科学,2019,46(4):101-108 |
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低蛋白日粮在不同生长阶段猪上的应用研究进展 |
| Research Progress on the Application of Low Protein Diets in Pigs at Different Growth Stages |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2019.04.015 |
| 中文关键词: 猪 低蛋白日粮 氨基酸平衡日粮 净能体系 氮排放 支链氨基酸 |
| 英文关键词: pig low protein diets diets balanced with amino acids net energysystem nitrogen emission branchedchain amino acids |
| 基金项目:广东省农业科学院院长基金（201807）；广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室开放运行项目（2017B030314044）；广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目（2018LM1080） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 蛋白质饲料资源短缺，饲料利用率低以及污染问题制约了畜禽养殖行业的发展，低蛋白日粮通过
添加合成氨基酸，减少了豆粕等蛋白原料的使用，提高了饲料利用率，有利于养殖业的可持续发展。综述了低
蛋白日粮在不同生长阶段猪上的应用。从已有的研究中发现，采用代谢能和消化能体系配制的低蛋白日粮易造
成胴体变肥，建议使用以净能体系为基础的日粮配制方法；减少 1%~4% 蛋白质对各生长阶段猪的生长性能影响
不大，但减少氮排放的效果显著；仔猪和母猪日粮中蛋白含量不宜过低，多数研究建议蛋白质含量降低 1%~3%
为宜；同时，低蛋白日粮中添加支链氨基酸 L-Leu、L-Val 和 L-Ile 有利于机体生长性能和免疫性能的提升。最
后探讨了目前低蛋白研究和应用过程中的相关问题，认为低氮日粮具有广泛的应用前景。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The shortage of protein feed resources, low feed utilization rate and pollution problems have restricted the
development of livestock and poultry breeding industry. Low protein diets balanced with synthetic amino acids could reduce
the use of protein materials such as soybean meal, improve feed utilization rate, and be benefit to sustainable development
of the breeding industry. The application of low protein diets in pigs at different growth stages were summarized in this
article. Based on the previous studies, it was found that low protein diets prepared with metabolizable energy and digestible
energy feeds were prone to cause carcass to become fat, and a net energy-based diet formulation method was recommended.
Reducing the protein level of 1%-4% could improve the growth performance of pigs in each growth stageto some extent, and
the effect of reducing nitrogen emission was remarkable. However, the protein content in the diets of piglets and sows should
not be too low, and a reduction of 1%-3% in low protein diets was suggested in most studies. The addition of branched- chain amino acids L-Leu, L-Val and L-Ile in low protein diets was beneficial to the improvement of growth performance and
immune performance of the organism. Finally, based on these studies, issues related to the current research and application of
low protein were discussed in this paper. It is believed that low nitrogen diets have broad application prospects. |
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