| 何 俊 1
，李妍红 2.宁夏平原农田防护林小气候效应及对玉米产量的影响[J].广东农业科学,2019,46(7):1-7 |
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宁夏平原农田防护林小气候效应及对玉米产量的影响 |
| Effects of Farmland Shelterbelt on Microclimate and Maize Yield in Ningxia Plain |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2019.07.001 |
| 中文关键词: 农田防护林 风速 空气温度 空气湿度 土壤含水率 产量 |
| 英文关键词: farmland shelterbelt wind speed air temperature air humidity soil water content yield |
| 基金项目:宁夏自然科学基金（NZ15029） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1694 |
| 全文下载次数: 614 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】农田防护林具有改善生态环境、调节小气候、提高农业生产力水平等重要作用，通过探
讨宁夏平原农田防护林的小气候效应及对作物产量的影响，为宁夏平原农田防护林的科学规划等提供参考和指
导。【方法】选取具有代表性的新疆杨农田防护林，测定防护林不同距离处的风速、空气温度、空气湿度、土
壤含水率及玉米产量，分析农田防护林的小气候效应。【结果】随着与防护林距离的增加，风速呈现先升高、
后降低、再升高的趋势，距林带 1 H（防护林树高）处风速最大，5 H 处风速最低，整体上风速比对照点降低
38%；0.5 H 处空气温度最低，5 H 处空气温度最高，3~10 H 处的空气温度变幅度较小；空气湿度呈现先降低、
后升高、再降低的趋势，0.5 H 和 5 H 处空气湿度较高，空气湿度比对照点增加 5.1%；林网内的土壤含水率
先增加后减小，0.5 H 和 1 H 处土壤含水率最低，5 H 处土壤含水率最高；0.5 H 处玉米平均株高比对照点降低
102 cm，产量比对照点减少 26.3%，整体上林网内产量提高 8.8%。【结论】宁夏平原新疆杨防护林对小气候因
子的影响随防护距离的不同存在变化，整体上具有降低风速和空气温度、提高空气湿度和土壤含水率、提高玉
米产量的作用，建议提高农田林网化率，改善农田小气候，增加作物产量。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The farmland shelterbelt plays an important role in improving ecological environment，
regulating the microclimate，and raising the level of agricultural productivity. By exploring the microclimate effect of
farmland shelterbelt in Ningxia Plain and the impact on crop yield，the article provided reference and guidance for the
scientific planning of farmland shelterbelt in Ningxia Plain.【Method】The Populus alba var. pyramidalis Bge. farmland
shelterbelt was selected，and the wind speed，air temperature，air humidity，soil water content and maize yield at
different distance from the farmland shelterbelt were measured，and effects of farmland shelterbelt on microclimate was
analyzed.【Result】 With the increase of the distance from the shelterbelt，the wind speed. appeared to rise first，then decrease，and rise again.The wind speed at 1 H was the highest，the wind speed at 5 H was the lowest，and the overall wind
speed was 38% lower than that of the control point.The air temperature at 0.5 H was the lowest，the air temperature at 5 H
was the highest，and the air temperature at 3-10 H changed slowly. The air humidity showed a trend of first decreasing，then
increasing，and decreasing again.The air humidity at 0.5 H and 5 H were higher，and the air humidity increased by 5.1%
compared with that of the control point. The soil water content in the forest net was first increased and then decreased. The soil
water content at 0.5 H and 1 H was the lowest，and the soil water content at 5 H was the highest. The average maize height at
0.5 H decreased by 102 cm compared with that of the control point，the yield decreased by 26.3% compared with that of the
control point，and the overall yield increased by 8.8%.【Conclusion】The effects of farmland shelterbelt on microclimate
factors varied with the different distance. As a whole，it had the effect of reducing wind speed and decreasing air temperature，
increasing air humidity and soil water content，and increasing maize yield. It was proposed to increase the rate of farmland
shelterbelt network to improve the farmland microclimate and increase crop yields. |
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