| 屈玉娇,李集勤,陈泽鹏,等.广东省烟叶生产现状与发展对策研究[J].广东农业科学,2019,(10-11):- |
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广东省烟叶生产现状与发展对策研究 |
| Research on Current Status and Future development of Flue-cured Tobacco Production in Guangdong province |
| 投稿时间：2019-09-19 修订日期：2019-10-08 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 广东 烟叶生产 现状 问题 对策 |
| 英文关键词: Guangdong tobacco current status problem countermeasure |
| 基金项目:驻点工作经费(2018驻点12-16),2019年度作物所所长基金/广东省农作物遗传改良重点实验室开放基金(201903) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】烟草是广东省的重要经济作物之一。近年来在我国烟叶库存偏高及全球控烟浪潮的大趋势的影响下，烟叶收购计划逐年下调，烟草种植规模持续下降，烟草行业也面临新的挑战。同时，广东经济的快速增长和农业生产的提质增效对烟叶生产提出了新的要求。为了充分了解广东省烟叶生产基本现状及存在的主要问题，实现广东烟叶生产的高质量和可持续发展。【方法】通过查阅文献、调研烟农、合作社和烟草公司，调查广东省的烟草种植区域与植烟土壤类型、烟草主栽品种与种植技术、种植模式与政策保险、单产、均价、产值以及相关科研现状，分析烟叶生产中存在的问题并提出相应的对策建议。【结果】广东省烟叶生产中存在的主要问题为抗病品种缺乏、植烟土壤退化、劳动力短缺及自然因素制约较大。【结论】针对上述问题，该文提出强化烟叶生产和收购制度、重视烟草良种引进和新品种选育工作、改良土壤和提升配套栽培、加强绿色防控技术、加强科技攻关和发展烟草其他用途多方面的参考建议。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】 Tobacco is one of the important economic crops in Guangdong Province. In recent years, under the influence of the high inventory of tobacco leaves in China and the general trend of global tobacco control, the tobacco leaf purchase plan has been lowered year by year, the scale of tobacco planting has continued to decline, and the tobacco industry is facing new challenges. At the same time, the rapid growth of Guangdong's economy and the improvement of agricultural production have put forward new requirements for tobacco production. In order to fully understand the basic status of tobacco production in Guangdong Province and the main problems 【Method】 Surveys were carried out on the tobacco growing areas and planting soil types, main varieties and planting techniques, planting patterns and policy insurance, yield, average price, and tobacco related research, by consulting the literature, interviewing individual farmers, farmer cooperatives and tobacco companies. The problems in tobacco leaves production were analyzed and countermeasures were proposed. 【Result】The main problems in the tobacco leaves production in Guangdong province include the lack of disease-resistant varieties, tobacco planting soil degradation, labor shortage and natural factors restriction. 【Conclusion】To solve the problems mentioned above, this paper proposes the following suggestions, including: strengthen the tobacco leaves production and purchase system, introduce new tobacco varieties and enhance the cultivation techniques and develop other usage of tobacco. |
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