| 杨艳芬,段敏仙,张碧蓉,等.云南瑞丽4个主栽柑橘品种果实发育成熟期品质变化规律[J].广东农业科学,2024,(4):- |
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云南瑞丽4个主栽柑橘品种果实发育成熟期品质变化规律 |
| Changes in Quality of Fruits during Development and Maturity of Four Main Citrus Varieties in Ruili, Yunnan |
| 投稿时间：2023-12-08 修订日期：2024-04-10 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 柑橘 发育成熟期 外在品质 内在品质 品质变化 采收期 |
| 英文关键词: Citrus advanced developmental stage external qualities intrinsic qualities Quality change harvest time |
| 基金项目:云南省科技厅重大科技专项（ 202102AE090054，202102AE090020）；云南省科技人才与平台计划专项（202105AD160049）；国家现代农业柑橘产业技术体系（CARS-26）；德宏州英才兴边计划（2022RC015） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】探索云南瑞丽地区4个主栽柑橘品种（沃柑、冰糖橙、茂谷柑、W·默科特 ）发育成熟期果实品质变化规律，为确定果实适时采收期提供理论依据。【方法】以云南主栽的4个柑橘品种为试材，通过2年的试验，分别从花后150 d（2020年8月12日—2021年4月28日）和花后240 d（2021年11月8日—2022年2月8日）开始采果，每隔15 d定期采样并测定果实品质。【结果】 随着柑橘果实的成熟，4个品种柑橘果实单果质量及横纵径呈先上升后平缓的趋势，沃柑在花后270 d前、冰糖橙在花后255 d前、茂谷柑在花后300 d前、W·默科特在花后285 d前其果实结束快速生长膨大期；两年内，除茂谷柑转色期一致外，W·默科特果皮转色期第二年较早，沃柑和冰糖橙转色期晚于第一年。冰糖橙、沃柑、茂谷柑和W·默科特的TSS（可溶性固形物，Total soluble solids content）质量分数分别在其花后240 d、315 d、300 d、270 d后基本稳定，TA（可滴定酸，Titratable acid content）质量分数分别在花后180 d、210 d、240 d、240 d后无显著变化。【结论】考虑到单果质量、横纵径、果皮颜色和内含物质量分数等指标，沃柑在花后315 d、冰糖橙在花后255 d、茂谷柑在花后300 d、W·默科特在花后285 d时，果实达到采收成熟度，适宜开始采收。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】Examine how the quality of the fruit changes as the four primary citrus kinds (Orah, Bingtang, Murcott, and W.Murcott) in Ruili, Yunnan, develop and mature, and offer a theoretical foundation for calculating the window of opportunity for fruit harvesting.【Method】As test materials, four citrus kinds that are primarily grown in Yunnan were employed. Fruits were harvested 150 days after flowering (August 12, 2020 to April 28, 2021) and 240 days after flowering (November 8, 2021 to February 8, 2022). This 2-year experiment was conducted. Every fifteen days, samples were taken routinely, and the quality of the fruit was assessed. 【Result】The single fruit quality and the horizontal and vertical diameter of the four citrus fruit kinds exhibit a trend of initially growing and then flattening as the fruits mature. In a span of two years, the color transition period of W.Murcott peel is earlier in the second year, and the color transition period of Orah and Bingtang is later than the first year, with the exception of Murcott, which consistently experiences a color transition period before 300 days after flowering. Orah fruits also terminate their rapid growth and expansion period before 270 days after flowering, while Bingtang fruits and Murcott fruits do so before 255 days after flowering. After 240, 315, 300, and 270 days of blooming, respectively, the Bingtang, Orah, Murcott, and W.Murcott all showed stable TSS (total soluble solids content) mass fractions. The mass fractions of TA (titratable acid content) were unchanged at 180, 210, 240, and 240 days of flowering, respectively.【Conclusion】The fruits of Orah, Bingtang, Murcott, and W.Murcott attained harvest maturity at 315 d, 255 d, 300 d, and 285 d after flowering, which was suitable for harvesting, taking into account characteristics like fruit Single fruit weight, fruit form, peel color, and inclusion content. |
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