| 雷建军.辣椒抗病分子育种研究进展[J].广东农业科学,2024,(4):- |
|
PDF
HTML
辣椒抗病分子育种研究进展 |
| Research progress on molecular breeding of resistance to disease in pepper |
| 投稿时间：2023-12-21 修订日期：2024-04-20 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 辣椒 分子标记 辅助选择 抗病分子机理 转基因 综述 |
| 英文关键词: Pepper, molecular markers, marker-assisted selection, molecular mechanism of resistance, transgenic pepper, review |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学(32072580)辣椒素合成相关基因HCHL的功能鉴定及调控它的转录因子筛选 |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 14 |
| 全文下载次数: 0 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 辣椒起源于南美洲，16世纪传入中国。辣椒的营养价值高，在保健、美容、食品、医药、制暴等行业均有重要作用，使得它成为了我国最重要的蔬菜作物之一，栽培面积逐渐增加，目前已经位于我国蔬菜作物之首。在辣椒栽培过程中，由于多方面的原因，不可避免地会遭受各种病害（病毒病、青枯病、疫病、炭疽病、疮痂病等）的侵袭，给生产造成重大损失。通过化学防治方法、农业防治措施等可以在一定程度上减轻危害，但选用抗病品种是防治病害最经济有效的选择。随着分子生物学的发展，抗病分子育种与常规育种方法相结合是将来取得突破的方向。近年来，辣椒抗病分子育种取得了重要进展，尤其是抗病分子机理取得了一系列成果，但目前这方面到综述文章不多。分子育种主要包括两部分，一是分子标记辅助选择，一是利用基因工程创造抗病育种材料。在分子标记辅助育种中，首先必须找到分子标记。分子标记分为基因标记、构建分离群体进行连锁分析获得的标记和通过大量材料的测序进行关联分析获得的标记。基因工程的前提是分离获得抗病基因，然后将抗病基因导入到经济性状优良的辣椒育种材料中，或者通过基因编辑技术或基因沉默技术使负向调控的基因发生突变从而使植物的抗病性提高。本文将从分子标记及其辅助选择；抗病分子机理（青枯病、疫病、炭疽病、病毒病、疮痂病和软腐病等）；通过转基因技术获得抗病种质（抗病毒病、抗青枯病和抗疫病）等三个方面进行综合介绍，并对今后到的发展趋势和研究重点进行了展望。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Pepper originated in South America and was introduced to China in the 16th century. The nutritional value of pepper is high. It has an important role in health care, beauty, food, medicine, violence and other industries. it become one of the most important vegetable crops in China. The cultivation area has gradually increased, and is now located in the first in China. In the process of pepper production, due to many reasons, it will inevitably suffer from various diseases (virus disease, bacterial wilt, blight, anthracnose, scab disease, etc.), causing great losses to production. It is the most economical and effective choice for disease control to use disease-resistant varieties, although the chemical control methods and agricultural control measures can reduce the harm to a certain extent. With the development of molecular biology, the combination of molecular breeding and conventional breeding methods for disease resistance is the direction of future breakthroughs. In recent years, the molecular breeding of pepper disease resistance has made important progress, especially the molecular mechanism of disease resistance has made a series of achievements, however there are few reviews in this field. Molecular breeding mainly includes two parts, one is marker-assisted selection, the other is to create disease-resistant breeding materials by means of genetic engineering. In marker-assisted breeding, molecular markers must be found first. Molecular markers are divided into gene markers, markers obtained by linkage analysis in the segregation populations, and markers gotten by association analysis through sequencing of a large number of materials. The premise of genetic engineering is to isolate and obtain disease resistance genes, and then introduce them into pepper breeding materials with good economic traits, or mutate negatively regulated genes through gene editing technology or gene silencing technology to improve disease resistance of plants. This paper will focus on molecular markers and marker-assisted selection, molecular mechanism of disease resistance (bacterial wilt, blight, anthracnose , viral disease, scab and soft rot, etc.), disease-resistant germplasm obtained by transgenic technology (resistance to virus, bacterial wilt and Phytophthora capsici) and the development trend and research focus in the future were prospected. |
|
查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
|
|
|
