| 叶聪，戴习林，胡伟国.水培蔬菜净化凡纳滨对虾养殖塘水质效果研究[J].广东农业科学,2014,41(21):121-127 |
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水培蔬菜净化凡纳滨对虾养殖塘水质效果研究 |
| Study on purification effect of Ipomoea aquatica on water in Litopenaeus vannamei ponds |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 凡纳滨对虾 水培蔬菜 水蕹菜 绳结式 水质净化 |
| 英文关键词: Litopenaeus vannamei hydroponic vegetables Ipomoea aquatic knotting cultivation water purification |
| 基金项目:上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目（沪农科攻字[2010]第1-6号，沪农科攻字[2011]第3-1号）；上海市教育委员会重点学科建设项目（J50701） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1451 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用3种浮植方式水培水蕹菜、羽衣甘蓝、生菜，进行蔬菜种类、浮植方式筛选，并以最佳品种与浮植方式浮植规模化养虾塘，进行水生菜生长状况与净化虾塘水质效果试验。结果表明，水蕹菜为生长良好、可有效净化养虾水质的蔬菜品种，以绳结式浮植方式培植水蕹菜可获得最佳的生长效果；据此将水蕹菜以绳结式浮植于规模化养虾塘。对虾生态养殖试验探讨了水蕹菜对虾塘水质的净化效果及对虾生长状况的影响，结果表明，种植水蕹菜虾塘和对照塘中对虾输出的TN、TP分别为36.21%、21.01%和32.03%、17.98%。种植塘收获水蕹菜重量为初始种植重量的32.5倍，具有一定经济价值，特别是能有效去除塘水中TN、TP，去除率分别为5.86%和3.73%。试验期间，种植塘的TAN、TN、TP、PO43--P及CODMn含量均低于对照塘。种植塘对虾终末体长、体重、饵料系数均优于对照塘，对虾产量（4768.75±111.69kg/hm2）也高于对照塘（4120.46±90.00kg/hm2）。这种生态养殖模式不仅可有效净化水质，减少养殖废水对环境的污染，还能提高对虾养殖的经济效益。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The experiment was conducted to screen the species of three vegetables (Ipomoea aquatica, Brassica oleracea var acephala, Lactuca sativa) and the best planting way with three cultivations planted in the shrimp aquaculture water. And then, the best variety was planted with the best planting way in the large-scale shrimp ponds to study the vegetable growth condition and the purification effect of the vegetable on the water quality in shrimp ponds. The results
showed that I. aquatica was the best vegetable for planting in shrimp ponds, and the knot planting pattern was the best way to plant water spinach. After that, I. aquatica was planted by knotting cultivation, the effects of I. aquatica on survival,growth characteristics of Litopenaeus vannamei and water quality were analyzed. The results showed that at the end of the experiment, the concentrations of TAN, NO2--N, NO3--N, TP, PO43--P, and CODMn in the planting ponds were lower than those in the control ponds. The percentage removal of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) in the planting ponds and in the control ponds were 38.50% and 22.03%, 34.82% and 19.02%, respectively. In the planted pond, the feed
conversion rate was higher, the fresh weight of I. aquatica was 2 441 (±183) kg, the removal rates of TN and TP were
6.23% and 3.9%, respectively, the average product of shrimp was 4 768.75 (±111.69) kg/hm2, while higher than that in the
control ponds with 4 120.46 (±90.00) kg/hm2. The results suggested that the ecological aquaculture mode could not only
effectively purify water quality, reduce the environmental pollution of aquaculture waste water, but also improve the
economic benefits of shrimp aquaculture. |
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