| 郝 兆，梁泽鹏，熊 宁，拉 巴，德 吉，郭小芳.西藏拉鲁湿地土壤酵母菌多样性及产胞外
酶活性菌株分布特性研究[J].广东农业科学,2017,44(4):99-107 |
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西藏拉鲁湿地土壤酵母菌多样性及产胞外
酶活性菌株分布特性研究 |
| Yeast diversity and distribution characteristics ofactivity strains producing extracellular enzymein soil of Lhalu Wetland，Tibet |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2017.04.015 |
| 中文关键词: 拉鲁湿地 土壤 酵母菌多样性 26 SrDNA D1/D2 |
| 英文关键词: Lhalu Wetland soil yeast diversity 26 SrDNA D1/D2 |
| 基金项目:国家级大学生创新创业训练项目（201510694003）；西藏自治区自然科学基金（2016ZR-15-11）；
2016 年度西藏大学珠峰学者人才发展支持计划（藏大字［2016］141 号） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采用平板稀释法从西藏拉鲁湿地土壤中分离酵母菌，开展城市湿地酵母菌多样性研究。结合经
典分类法及26S rDNA D1/D2 区域序列分析，对获得的酵母菌菌株进行系统分类，并进行产胞外酶活性菌株
的皿内初筛。结果显示，分离得到的83 株酵母菌分属于隐球菌属Cryptococcus、假丝酵母属Candida、原囊
菌属Protomyces、红酵母属Rhodotorula 及孢囊线黑粉酵母Cystofilobasidium 等5 个属16 个种，其中胶红酵母
Rhodotorula mucilaginosa 相对丰度最高，约26％，其次为维多利亚隐球酵母Cryptococcus victoriae 和山杨隐球
酵母Cryptococcus aspenensis；多样性分析表明，LhWS6 样点的酵母菌多样性最丰富，LhWS9 样点则最低；产胞
外酶活性菌株初筛结果表明，25℃下产脂肪酶活性菌株比例最高，为67%，而4℃下产淀粉酶活性菌株数最
多，为49 株。另外，低温条件下产淀粉酶、果胶酶、纤维素酶和几丁质酶的活性菌株比例均高于常温条件。结
果表明拉鲁湿地土壤酵母菌总体种类较丰富，但每个样点的种类相对单一，说明湿地生境或人为活动一定程
度影响到该生态环境酵母菌的种群分布，开发青藏高原耐低温、产胞外酶等活性菌株具有一定的应用前景。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this paper，we isolated yeasts from soil of Lhalu Wetland using the dilution method. In addition，
we used 26S rDNA D1/D2 domain sequence analysis and traditional methods to identify isolates and screened
extracelluar enzyme activity strains in petri dish. 83 yeast isolates were identified as belonging to 16 species of
5genera，including Cryptococcus，Candida，Protomyces，Rhodotorula and Cystofilobasidium. R. mucilaginosa
was the most species in soil of the wetland，moreover，the relative abundance of Cryptococcus victoriae and
Cryptococcus aspenensis was also high. Diversity indices showed that yeast isolates in the LhWS6 site were
most abundant，however，that of the LhWS9 site were the lowest. The study showed that human activities
had influences on spatial dynamics of yeast community in Lhalu Wetland. The test also manifested that the
percentage of lipase activity strains was the highest at 25℃，however，the number of strains produced amylase
most at 4℃，up to 49 isolates. Furthermore，the percentage of isolates producing amlyse，pectinase，cellulase
and chitinase was higher in cold condition. Yeasts distributing in soil of Lhalu Wetland were abundant，but insingle site，the kind was few，which indicated that the wetland habitat or human activity could effect population
distribution，and it was important to exploit low temperature-tolerant or exoenzyme activity microorganism in
Qinghai-Tibet plateau. |
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