奇亚籽油化学成分、提取工艺及生理活性研究进展

杜　洁 1; 2; 李　伟 2; 杨国航 1; 杨　寒 2; 曹　庸 2

文章摘要

杜　洁 1,2，李　伟 2，杨国航 1 ，杨　寒 2，曹　庸 2.奇亚籽油化学成分、提取工艺及生理活性研究进展[J].广东农业科学,2019,46(5):135-141

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Research Progress on Chemical Composition, Extraction Technology and Physiological Activity of Chia Seed Oil

DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2019.05.019

中文关键词: 奇亚籽新型功能油脂高不饱和脂肪酸油脂加工抗氧化调节血脂

英文关键词: Chia seed new functional oil high unsaturated fatty acids oil processing antioxidant regulating blood lipid

基金项目:中央财政林业改革发展资金（2017GDTK-07）

作者	单位
杜　洁 1,2，李　伟 2，杨国航 1 ，杨　寒 2，曹　庸 2	1. 广州蓓而泰生物科技有限公司，广东广州 511356；2. 华南农业大学食品学院 / 广东省天然活性物工程技术研究中心 / 广东省功能食品活性物重点实验室，广东广州 510642

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中文摘要:

奇亚籽是芡欧鼠尾草的种子，原产于北美洲地区，食用历史悠久，因其营养成分丰富、抗氧化功效强等特点，近年来开始被国内关注和应用。奇亚籽主要生理活性来源于油脂，其油脂含量为 25.50%~29.40%。奇亚籽油中 α- 亚麻酸、亚油酸等不饱和脂肪酸含量高达 80%，且 n–6/n–3 脂肪酸构成比例非常适合人体膳食需求，是一种潜在的新型功能油脂。奇亚籽油中含有甾醇、生育酚、角鲨烯、类胡萝卜素、多酚等化学成分，具有调节血脂、抗氧化、促进肿瘤细胞凋亡等多种生理活性。现阶段国内外奇亚籽油分离方法有压榨法、浸出法以及超临界萃取等方法。奇亚籽油具有良好的生理活性功能，可推广至食品、保健品、化妆品行业，发展前景广阔。目前国内关于奇亚籽油的研究仍较少，大多停留在功能研究层面，鲜有作用机理报道，开发利用也属于初级阶段。综述了奇亚籽油的化学成分和提取方法，并对其生理活性的研究概况进行归纳总结，展望奇亚籽油的发展前景，旨在为奇亚籽油资源的开发利用提供依据。

英文摘要:

Chia seed is the seed of Salvia Hispanica L and native to North America. In recent years, it has drew the attention of researchers and scholars and has been applied in China because of its long history of consumption, rich nutrients, strong antioxidant effect and other characteristics. The main physiological activity of chia seeds is derived from oil, and the oil content is about 25.50%-29.40%. The content of a-linolenic acid, linoleic acid and other unsaturated fatty acids in chia seed oil is up to 80%, and the composition ratio of n-6 / n-3 fatty acids is very suitable for human dietary needs, which is a potential new functional oil. Chia seed oil contains sterols, tocopherols, squalene, carotenoids, polyphenol and other chemical components, which have a variety of physiological activities such as regulating blood lipid, anti-oxidation and promoting tumor cell apoptosis. At present, the separation methods of chia seed oil at home and abroad include pressing method, leaching method and supercritical extraction method. Chia seed oil has good physiological activity function and can be promoted to the industries such food, health care products and cosmetics, with broad development prospects. At present, there are few studies on chia seed oil in China, and most of them are focused on functional research, with few reports on action mechanism, and the development and utilization of chia seed oil is also at the initial stage. In this paper, the chemical components and extraction methods of chia seed oil were reviewed, and the general research on its physiological activities were summarized. The development prospect of chia seed oil was proposed, so as to provide a basis for the development and utilization of chia seed oil resources.

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