| 陈友订 1
，刘传光 1
，周新桥 1
，陈达刚 1
，郭 洁 1
，陈平丽1
，万邦惠 2，张 旭 1.华南双季超级籼稻动态株型育种理论研究与应用[J].广东农业科学,2019,46(9):8-17 |
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华南双季超级籼稻动态株型育种理论研究与应用 |
| Studies and Applications on Dynamic Plant Type Breeding Theories in Double Cropping Super Oryza sativa L. subsp. hsien Ting in South China |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2019.09.002 |
| 中文关键词: 华南双季超级籼稻；动态株型育种 生长发育时期；形态性状；生理性状；量化指标值 |
| 英文关键词: double cropping super OSHT in South China dynamic plant type breeding growth and development stage morphological traits physiological traits quantitative indexes |
| 基金项目:广东省重大科技专项（2017B020201003）；广东省现代种业科技重大专项（2018B020202004） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 通过株型育种实现株型改良、塑造“水稻理想株型”是提高水稻产量水平的强力技术保证。水稻
生长发育的基本规律具有明显阶段性和连续性，每一阶段都应具有最佳的群体形态结构与相应的生理机能，这
种随着生育期的变化而改变的株型结构配置，称之为“动态株型结构”。根据华南稻区实际情况，比较在早、
晚季不同生态环境下华南双季超级籼稻不同品种（组合）“动态株型结构”的特点，首先构建了华南双季超级
籼稻动态株型育种理论体系并应用于华南双季超级籼稻育种实践，使以往定性模糊的“株型结构”概念上升为
动态的、科学的量化指标，从而能更明确地、更综合地、更系统地反映本稻区双季超级籼稻品种（组合）的重
要形态生理特点，进一步揭示高产形成规律，从而促使超级籼稻株型育种概念日臻完善。应用该理论指导华南
双季稻超高产育种实践，可以提高育种效率、缩短育种年限，且已有一批超级籼稻和优质超高产水稻新品种（组
合）育成并应用推广，显示其对华南超级籼稻及优质超高产育种的重要指导意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Improving a plant type and shaping a“rice ideal plant type”through plant type breeding are powerful
technical guarantees for increasing rice yield potential. There exists a basic regular pattern for the growth and development of
rice (Oryza sativa L. ), at each stage of which, there is an optimum disposition of morphological traits and the corresponding
physiological features in the plants of population. The disposition of plant type components change as the growth and
development stage proceeds, and it is called dynamic plant type. According to the practical situation in rice planting area of
South China, the characteristics of the“dynamic plant type”were compared when different double cropping super Oryza
sativa L. subsp. hsien Ting (OSHT) varieties (combinations) planted under different ecological environments at the early and late seasons. The theory system of dynamic plant type breeding for super OSHT was first established and was used in superhigh yield OSHT breeding in South China. It was made to change the concept of “plant type component” from qualitative and
indistinct to dynamic and quantitative, which more clearly reflect the characteristics of the main morphological and physiological
traits of super OSHT varieties (combinations) in the area and further bring to light the regularity of high yielding formation.
The theory system has been used to guide the breeding of double cropping super OSHT or high-quality and super high-yield
rice in South China, and it can improve the breeding efficiency and shorten the breeding period. A number of super OSHT or
high quality and super-high yield rice varieties (combinations) have been bred and applied in South China, which showed the
important guiding significance of this theory system for super OSHT breeding or high quality and super-high yield rice breeding
in South China. |
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