叶面喷施海藻磷钾肥对金斗香番石榴产量和品质的影响

匡石滋 1; 邵雪花 1; 赖　多1; 肖维强 1; 刘传和 1; 贺　涵 1; 曾　晶 2; 胡　峰 2

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匡石滋 1 ，邵雪花 1 ，赖　多1 ，肖维强 1 ，刘传和 1 ，贺　涵 1 ，曾　晶 2，胡　峰 2.叶面喷施海藻磷钾肥对金斗香番石榴产量和品质的影响[J].广东农业科学,2019,46(10):42-47

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Effects of Foliar Spraying with AlginatePhosphorus Fertilizer on the Yield and Qualityof Psidium guajava cv. Jindouxiang

DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2019.10.007

中文关键词: 海藻磷钾肥番石榴正造果果实品质

英文关键词: alginate phosphorus fertilizer Psidium guajava cv. Jindouxiang spring fruit fruit quality

基金项目:广东省乡村振兴战略专项资金（粤农计［2018］37 号）

作者	单位
匡石滋 1 ，邵雪花 1 ，赖　多1 ，肖维强 1 ，刘传和 1 ，贺　涵 1 ，曾　晶 2，胡　峰 2	1. 广东省农业科学院果树研究所 / 农业农村部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室 / 广东省热带亚热带果树研究重点实验室，广东广州 510640； 2. 广东金作农业科技有限公司，广东广州 510640

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中文摘要:

【目的】金斗香番石榴是广东省农业科学院果树研究所等单位选育的番石榴新品种，通过叶面喷施海藻磷钾肥对其果实品质、产量的影响，为提高金斗香番石榴正造果的产量和品质提供理论依据。【方法】以金斗香番石榴为试验材料，对其叶面喷施不同浓度的海藻磷钾肥，以喷施清水为对照，喷施处理后，统计产量，测定果实质量、横径、纵径、可溶性固形物、可滴定酸、Vc、总糖和蔗糖含量。【结果】海藻磷钾肥可明显促进金斗香番石榴果实生长，提高产量和品质。海藻磷钾肥浓度为 1 500 倍液时，单果重、果实横径、纵径分别为 126.35 g、 5.49 cm、5.83 cm，较对照分别增加 39.81%、14.85% 和 14.99%；产量较对照增加 35.75%；同时也明显提高了果实品质，Vc、可溶性固形物、总糖和蔗糖含量比对照分别提高 20.1%、39.4%、64.3% 和 72.7%；可滴定酸含量降低 14.2%。【结论】叶面喷施海藻磷钾肥提高了金斗香番石榴正造果的单果重、横径和纵径，同时也提高了果实的 Vc、可溶性固形物、糖含量，降低了可滴定酸含量。选用海藻磷钾肥 1 500 倍液效果较佳。

英文摘要:

【Objective】Psidium guajava cv. Jindouxiangis a new variety of guava bred by Institute of Fruit Tree Research, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences and other organizations. In order to provide a theoretical basis for improving the yield and quality of guava, the effects of foliar spraying with alginate phosphorus fertilizer on fruit quality and yield of guava were studied.【Method】With the guava variety Jindouxiang as the experimental material, the leaf was sprayed different concentrations of alginate phosphorus fertilizer, and water spraying was used as control. After spraying, the yield was measured and the fruit quality, transverse diameter, longitudinal diameter, soluble solid, titrable acid, Vc,total sugar and sucrose contents were determined.【Result】Alginate phosphorus fertilizer could obviously promote the growth of guava fruit and improve the yield and quality. At the concentration of 1 500 times of liquid fertilizer, the weight, transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter of single fruit were 126.35 g, 5.49 cm and 5.83 cm, respectively, which were 39.81%, 14.85% and 14.99% higher than those of the control. Compared with the control, the yield increased by 35.75%. Meanwhile, the fruit quality was improved. The content of Vc, soluble solids, total sugar and sucrose were increased by 20.1%, 39.4%, 64.3% and 72.7%, respectively, while the titratable acid content decreased by 14.2%.【Conclusion】Foliar spraying with alginate phosphorus fertilizer could increase the single fruit weight, transverse diameter and longitudinal diameter, and increase the content of Vc, soluble solids and sugar, while the the titratable acid content were decreased. The best concentration of this fertilizer used was 1 500 times solution.

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