| 蓝国兵 1, 2，何自福 1
，于 琳 1
，汤亚飞 1
，李正刚 1
，邓铭光 1
，佘小漫 1, 2.16 种杀菌剂对火龙果褐腐病菌抑菌持效期及田间防效试验[J].广东农业科学,2019,46(12):95-101 |
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16 种杀菌剂对火龙果褐腐病菌抑菌持效期及田间防效试验 |
| Effective Inhibition Duration and Field Control Effectsof 16 Fungicides Against Neoscytalidium dimidiatum |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2019.12.013 |
| 中文关键词: 火龙果褐腐病菌 杀菌剂 持效期 防治效果 |
| 英文关键词: Neoscytalidium dimidiatum fungicide effective duration control effect |
| 基金项目:广州市科技计划项目（201607010061）；国家科技支撑计划项目（2015BAD08B00）；广东省科技创新战略专项资金（重点领域研发，2018B020205003）；广东省农业科学院院长基金（201931）；广东省自筹经费类科技计划项目（粤科规财字〔2015〕110 号） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1690 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】筛选对火龙果褐腐病菌（Neoscytalidium dimidiatum）抑菌持效期长且田间防治效果好的杀菌剂，
为火龙果生产上最具毁灭性的褐腐病防治提供科学依据。【方法】采用琼脂扩散法，通过测量和观察抑菌圈大
小及消失时间测定 16 种杀菌剂抑制病菌生长的持效期，对其中抑菌效果好或持效期长的杀菌剂开展田间药效试
验与防效比较。【结果】咯菌腈、丙环唑、丙硫菌唑、戊唑醇、氟硅唑、异菌脲等 6 种杀菌剂对病菌的抑菌持
效期长，培养 15 d 后抑菌圈尚未消失；咪鲜胺、苯醚甲环唑、腈菌唑等 3 种杀菌剂对病菌的抑菌持效期较长；
多菌灵、噻菌灵、嘧菌酯等 3 种杀菌剂初期对病菌的抑菌持效期较短；丙森锌、春雷霉素、百菌清、氟环唑等 4
种杀菌剂的抑菌持效期极短。田间药效试验显示，戊唑醇、异菌脲、氟硅唑、丙硫菌唑、丙环唑等 5 种杀菌剂
对火龙果嫩茎具有良好的防治效果；除丙环唑在 500 mg/kg 施药浓度下对火龙果嫩茎生长产生抑制作用外，其余
4 种杀菌剂对火龙果生长安全。【结论】生产上优先推荐使用具有内吸活性的戊唑醇、异菌脲、氟硅唑、丙硫菌
唑、丙环唑等药剂防治火龙果褐腐病，轮换用药；在病情压力较大的果园，施药浓度可以适当加大。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】Fungicides with long effective inhibition duration and good field control effects against
Neoscytalidium dimidiatum were screened to provide scientific basis for the control of the most destructive pitaya brown
rot disease in pitaya production.【Method】By measuring the size and disappearing time of inhibition zone, the effective
duration of 16 fungicides against N. dimidiatum mycelial growth were determined by agar diffusion method. And field control
efficacy of fungicides with good effective inhibition or long duration were tested and compared.【Result】Six fungicides,including fludioxonil, propiconazole, prothioconazole, tebuconazole, flusilazole and iprodione, showed long effective inhibition
duration, and the inhibition zone did not disappear after being cultured for 15 days. Three fungicides, including prochloraz,
difenoconazole and myclobutanil, showed relatively long effective inhibition duration. Three fungicides, including carbendazim,
probenazole and azoxystrobin, showed short effective inhibition duration. Four fungicides, including propineb, kasugamycin,
chlorothalonil and epoxiconazole, showed extremely short effective inhibition duration. Field efficacy tests indicated that 5
fungicides, including tebuconazole, iprodione, lusilazole, prothiazolium and propiazole, showed good control effects on the
tender stem of the pitaya. Except that procineazole at the active ingredient concentration of 500 mg/kg could inhibit the growth of
tender stems of pitaya, the other 4 fungicides were safe for the growth of pitaya.【Conclusion】It is preferentially recommended
to use systemic fungicides of tebuconazole, iprodione, lusilazole, prothiazolium and propiazole to control the pitaya brown rot
disease with rotation, and application concentration of which should be appropriately increased while the pitaya orchard facing
with high disease pressure. |
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