| 熊管乐1
，邵孝候 1
，张永涛 2，吴七斤 3，何 菁 4，邱桠柳 3，高海涛 2.土壤调理剂用量对酸性土壤肥力影响的综合评价[J].广东农业科学,2020,47(1):53-61 |
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土壤调理剂用量对酸性土壤肥力影响的综合评价 |
| Comprehensive Evaluation on Effects of the Soil Conditioner with Different Dosages on Acid Soil Fertility |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2020.01.008 |
| 中文关键词: 土壤酸化 土壤调理剂 主成分分析 最小数据库 隶属度函数 土壤肥力综合指数 |
| 英文关键词: soil acidification soil conditioner principal component analysis minimum data set membership function comprehensive soil fertility indicator |
| 基金项目:南通市科技项目（MS12017019-7）；国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0200503）；南京市水务局水利科技项目（20130317-1） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】客观评价碱性土壤调理剂改良后的土壤肥力水平，为酸化土壤的科学改良提供参考。【方
法】以小白菜为研究对象，对土壤调理剂不同用量下的酸性土壤肥力进行综合评价。运用主成分分析并计算
变量的 Norm 值，结合肥力指标间的相关关系筛选出酸性土壤肥力评价的高度敏感性指标进入土壤肥力评价的
最小数据库集（MDS）。通过隶属度函数实现评价指标量纲统一，绘制隶属度函数雷达图直观反映土壤肥力
的整体状况及肥力单因素状态。采用 2 种指数模型对改良后的土壤综合肥力进行评价。【结果】筛选出 pH、
交换性 Ca2+、总氮、交换性 Mg2+、有机质作为酸性土壤肥力评价指标，根据雷达图及指数模型可知，施用土
壤调理剂可以提升酸性土壤肥力，肥力提升的程度受调理剂用量控制，土壤调理剂的推荐用量为 450 kg/hm2。
【结论】土壤调理剂用量造成的 pH 和交换性 Mg2+ 差异是肥力的限制因子；土壤肥力是小白菜产量的决定因素，
单个肥力指标的改善虽然有一定程度的改良效果，但是不能起到显著增产作用，土壤酸化改良应参考肥力综
合值进行改良效果评价。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The study was to objectively evaluate the acid soil fertility level improved by alkaline soil
conditioner, and to provide reference for the scientific improvement of acidic soil. 【Method】By selecting pakchoi as the
research object, the effects of different dosages of soil conditioner on acid soil fertility were evaluated comprehensively.
Based on the principal component analysis（PCA） and Norm values, and combined with analysis of correlation between
the soil fertility indicators, the highly sensitive indicators of acid soil fertility evaluation were selected as the key indicatorsto minimum data set（MDS） to represent soil fertility. And the key indicators were transformed into dimensionless data by
membership functions, the radar chart of which was used to reflect the overall level of fertility and the status of single indicator
of fertility. At last, the improved comprehensive soil fertility indicators were calculated by 2 exponential models.【Result】pH
value, exchangeable Ca2+, total nitrogen, exchangeable Mg2+ and organic matter were selected as indicators for the evaluation
of acid soil fertility. According to the radar chart and the exponential model, the application of soil conditioner could improve
the acidic soil fertility, and the degree of fertility improvement was controlled by the amount of conditioner. The recommended
amount of soil conditioner was 450 kg/hm2.【Conclusion】The degree of fertility improvement is controlled by the difference
of pH and exchangeable Mg2+ caused by different dosages of the soil conditioner. Soil fertility is the decisive factor for pakchoi
yield, and the improvement of single fertility indicator can improve the yield to a certain extent, however, it cannot significantly
increase the yield. Therefore, the evaluation on effects of soil conditioner on acid soil fertility should refer to the comprehensive
fertility level. |
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