CO2 倍增对铁皮石斛光合特性和生长的影响

何　梅 1; 2; 章金辉 1; 王再花 1; 李　杰 1; 叶广英 1; 叶庆生 2

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何　梅 1，2，章金辉 1 ，王再花 1 ，李　杰 1 ，叶广英 1 ，叶庆生 2.CO2 倍增对铁皮石斛光合特性和生长的影响[J].广东农业科学,2020,47(2):17-23

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Effects of Doubling the CO2 Concentration onPhotosynthetic Characteristics and Growthof Dendrobium officinale

DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2020.02.003

中文关键词: 铁皮石斛 CO2 光合作用营养生长产量

英文关键词: Dendrobium offi cinale CO2 photosynthesis vegetative growth yield

基金项目:佛山市财政专项资金——2019 年度共建广东农业科技示范市项目；广东省重点领域研发计划项目（2019B020214005）；广东省农业科学院院长基金（202039）；广东省农业科学院新兴学科团队项目（201806xx）；广州市科技计划项目珠江科技新星专题（201806010180）

作者	单位
何　梅 1，2，章金辉 1 ，王再花 1 ，李　杰 1 ，叶广英 1 ，叶庆生 2	1. 广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所 / 广东省园林花卉种质创新综合利用重点实验室，广东广州 510640；2. 华南师范大学生命科学学院，广东广州 510631

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中文摘要:

【目的】评估 CO2 倍增对铁皮石斛光合特性和生长的影响。【方法】以铁皮石斛秋芽为试材，比较 CO2 浓度 400 μmol/mol（大气浓度，对照）和 800 μmol/mol（处理浓度）处理 180 d 对铁皮石斛光合特性、生长和有效成分的影响。【结果】CO2 倍增提高了铁皮石斛的净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率和水分利用率，但铁皮石斛未出现“光合适应”现象。CO2 倍增也显著增加了铁皮石斛的茎干质量、茎鲜质量、茎高、单株叶片数和叶片厚度，分别比对照提高 30%、13%、49.3%、42% 和 3.5%，而单叶面积和比叶面积则分别显著下降 11.8% 和 20%；CO2 倍增处理叶片可溶性蛋白含量比对照显著提高 19%，而茎的多糖、生物碱、总氨基酸和总黄酮等有效成分含量均有所提高，但与对照差异不显著。【结论】CO2 倍增处理能显著促进铁皮石斛的生长，提高其主要药用部位茎的产量。

英文摘要:

【Objective】The study was to evaluate the effects of doubling the CO2 concentration on photosynthetic characteristics and growth of Dendrobium offi cinale.【Method】With the autumn buds of D. offi cinale as test materials, the effects of treatments with CO2 concentration of 400 μmol/mol (atmospheric concentration, control) and 800 μmol/mol (treatment concentration) for 180 days on the photosynthetic characteristics, growth and effective components of D. officinale were compared. 【Result】After doubling the CO2 concentration, the net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and water use efficiency of D. offi cinale were increased significantly compared with those of the control, however, there was no photosynthetic acclimation on D. offi cinale during the experiments. The stem dry weight, stem fresh weight, stem height, numbers of leaves and leaf thickness were also significantly increased in double treatment, with the increases of 30%, 13%, 49.3%, 42% and 3.5%, respectively, while the single leaf area and the specific leaf area were decreased by 11.8% and20%, respectively. The soluble protein content in leaf was increased by 19%. The contents of polysaccharides, alkaloids, total amino acids and total flavonoids in stem were slightly improved, but there was no significant difference compared with those of the control.【Conclusion】The growth of D. offi cinalis could be promoted by doubling the CO2 concentration, and the yield of its main medicinal part (stem) was increased.

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