| 周瑞云，胡福初，王祥和，周文静，吴凤芝，陈 哲.不同物候期妃子笑荔枝叶片光合特性及碳水化合物含量变化分析[J].广东农业科学,2020,47(8):22-29 |
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不同物候期妃子笑荔枝叶片光合特性及碳水化合物含量变化分析 |
| Analysis on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Carbohydrate Content of Feizixiao Litchi Leaves in Different Phenological Periods |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2020.08.004 |
| 中文关键词: 荔枝 物候期 光合特性 碳水化合物 叶绿素含量 |
| 英文关键词: litchi phenological period photosynthetic characteristics carbohydrate chlorophyll content |
| 基金项目:海南省重点研发计划项目（ZDYF2018236，ZDYF2018222）；国家荔枝龙眼产业技术体系海口综合试验站资助项目（CARS-32-26） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】了解不同物候期妃子笑荔枝叶片光合特性和碳水化合物含量变化趋势，为妃子笑荔枝丰产栽培管理提供理论依据。【方法】连续 3 年观测妃子笑荔枝的物候期，并对不同物候期内荔枝叶片光合特性指标及碳水化合物含量的变化进行研究。采用 CIRAS-3 便携式植物光合测定仪测定叶片光合特性指标、蒽酮 -硫酸法测定叶片可溶性糖含量、碘量法测定叶片淀粉含量。【结果】妃子笑荔枝叶片净光合速率呈波浪式变化，枝梢完全老熟后出现最高值 13.04 μmol/m2·s，果实着色期出现最低值 4.73 μmol/m2·s；叶绿素含量在生长期内整体呈现上升趋势，其最大值为 5.2 mg/g。可溶性糖含量呈波浪式变化趋势，花芽分化期处于相对较高水平，最高值 42 mg/g 在生理落果结束后出现，果实成熟期出现最低值 16 mg/g；淀粉含量在花芽分化期呈上升趋势，最高值 237 mg/g 在白点期出现，生理落果期含量下降到最低值 102 mg/g，而后逐渐回升。【结论】从花芽分化期到果实成熟期，叶片净光合速率存在两个峰值，在花芽分化期和果实发育期出现；可溶性糖含量在果实发育期和果实着色期有较大积累，淀粉含量在花芽分化期和果实着色期有较大积累，为后续生长发育储备充足营养。在整个过程中，叶片无明显退绿现象。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The study was conducted to understand the changing trend of photosynthetic characteristics and carbohydrate contents of Feizixiao litchi leaves in different phenological periods with a view to provide a theoretical basis for the high-yield cultivation management of Feizixiao litchi.【Method】The phenological period of Feizixiao litchi was observed for three consecutive years. The changes in photosynthetic characteristics and carbohydrate content of litchi leaves in different phenological periods were studied. CIRAS-3 portable plant photosynthesis analyzer was used to determine leaf photosynthesis parameters. Soluble sugar was measured by anthrone-sulfuric acid method and starch was measured by iodometric method.【Result】The net photosynthetic rate of the leaves of Feizixiao litchi showed a wave-like change, with the
highest value of 13.04 μmol/m2·s after the shoots were fully mature and the lowest value of 4.73 μmol/m2·s during the fruit coloring stage. The chlorophyll content showed an overall upward trend during the growth period, and its maximum value was 5.2 mg/g. The soluble sugar content showed a wave-like change, with a relatively high level at the flower bud differentiation stage. The soluble sugar content reached the highest value of 42 mg/g after the physiological fruit-drop period, and the lowest value of 16 mg/g appeared at the fruit maturation period. The starch content showed an upward trend during the flower bud differentiation period, the highest value of 237 mg/g appeared at the white millet period while the content fell to the lowest value of 102 mg/g at the physiological fruit-drop period, and then gradually recovered.【Conclusion】During the whole process from flower bud differentiation to fruit maturity, there were two peaks in the net photosynthetic rate of leaves, which appeared in the flower bud differentiation and fruit development periods. There were large accumulations of soluble sugar contents in the fruit development period and fruit coloring period, and large accumulations of starch contents in the flower bud differentiation period and fruit
coloring period, which provided adequate nutrition for the subsequent growth and development. During the whole process, the leaves showed no obvious chlorosis. |
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