| 崔一平，彭埃天，凌金锋，宋晓兵，程保平，陈 霞.甘蔗黑孢霉叶斑病病原菌分离
鉴定及药剂筛选试验[J].广东农业科学,2021,48(6):78-86 |
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甘蔗黑孢霉叶斑病病原菌分离
鉴定及药剂筛选试验 |
| Pathogen Isolation and Identification of Nigrospora Blight Disease on Sugarcane and Screening of Fungicides |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2021.06.011 |
| 中文关键词: 甘蔗 甘蔗黑孢霉叶斑病 黑孢霉 杀菌剂 筛选 |
| 英文关键词: sugarcane sugarcane Nigrospora blight Nigrospora sphaerica fungicide screening |
| 基金项目:广东省农业科学院科技创新战略专项资金（高水平农科院建设）- 人才项目（R2018QD-059）；广
东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目（2020KJ108，2018LM1077） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】明确引起甘蔗黑孢霉叶斑病的病原菌及其生物学特性，设计甘蔗黑孢霉叶斑病病原菌的
检测引物，筛选能有效抑制病原菌Nigrospora sphaerica的杀菌剂，为甘蔗黑孢霉叶斑病的田间防治提供指导意见。
【方法】对采自广东省广州市番禺区的发病黑皮甘蔗叶片采用组织分离法纯化培养，5 d 后，光学显微镜下观察
菌丝和孢子；对分离物进行致病性测定；基于 ITS 序列，采用 MRGA7.0 以最大似然法构建系统发育树并根据获
得的 ITS 序列设计特异性检测引物 Ng1F/Ng1R 和 Ng2F/Ng2R；采用菌丝生长速率法对 7 种不同杀菌剂对甘蔗黑
孢霉叶斑病原菌 N.sphaerica 的室内抑菌效果进行筛选。【结果】通过病原菌形态和分子鉴定以及生物学特性研究，
引起甘蔗黑孢霉叶斑病的病原菌为 N.sphaerica，其最适培养条件为温度 25 ℃和 pH 7；Ng1F/Ng1R 可用以甘蔗黑
孢霉叶斑病原菌的检测；咪鲜胺药剂 0.16 mg/L 和施保功药剂 2.4 mg/L 对 N. sphaerica 的抑菌效果最显著，抑菌
效果均可达到 93% 以上。【结论】引起甘蔗种传病害甘蔗黑孢霉叶斑病的病原菌为 N.sphaerica，Ng1F/Ng1R 可
用于甘蔗黑孢霉叶斑病病原菌的检测，咪鲜胺和施保功药剂可作为甘蔗黑孢霉叶斑病的田间防治药剂或种苗脱
毒处理药剂。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The study was conducted to identify the pathogen causing Nigrospora blight on sugarcane,
analyze the pathogen biological characteristics, design detection primers for the pathogen Nigrospora sphaerica, screen out
fungicides which can effectively inhibit the pathogen N. sphaerica, and to provide guidance on field control of Nigrospora
blight on sugarcane.【Method】The pathogen of Nigrospora blight on diseased sugarcane leaves collected from Panyu
District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province was purified and cultured by tissue separation method. After 5 days of
culture, the morphology of mycelium and spores was observed by using an optical microscope. The fungi were determined
for pathogenicity, and the pathogenic strains were amplified and sequenced by PCR with the primers ITS1/ITS4; then,
the software MRGA 7.0 was used to construct a phylogenetic tree based on ITS sequence with the maximum likelihood method and sequence-specific detection primers Ng1F/Ng1R and Ng2F/Ng2R were designed according to the obtained ITS
sequence. The indoor control effects of 7 different fungicides on N.sphaerica were screened by the mycelium growth rate
method. The antibacterial effect of N.sphaerica, which is the pathogen of Nigrospora leaf blight on sugarcane, was screened.
【Result】Through the study on morphological and molecular identification as well as biological characteristics, it was
determined that the pathogen causing Nigrospora blight on sugarcane was N.sphaerica, which had the fastest colony growth
rate at the temperature of 25 ℃ and pH of 7. The PCR method confirmed that the primers Ng1F/Ng1R could be used to detect
the pathogen of sugarcane Nigrosporium blight. The results of the indoor antibacterial test showed that 0.16 mg/L of Prochloraz
and 2.4 mg/L of Sporgon had the best antibacterial effect on N. sphaerica, and the antibacterial effect could reach over 93%.
【Conclusion】The pathogen causing sugarcane seed-borne disease Nigrospora blight is N.sphaerica. Ng1F/Ng1R can be
used to detect the pathogen of N.sphaerica. Prochloraz and Sporgon agents can be used as the optimal fungicides for N.sphaerica
in the field or seedling detoxification treatment agent. |
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