| 利 勇1，代群威 1,2，王维富1，邓信爽 1，赵玉连 3，王 宇 1.一株异养硝化菌的筛选鉴定及其在农村养殖废水处理中的应用[J].广东农业科学,2022,49(12):90-98 |
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一株异养硝化菌的筛选鉴定及其在农村养殖废水处理中的应用 |
| Screening and Identification of a Strain of Heterotrophic Nitrification Bacteria and Its Application in Wastewater Treatment of Rural Farming |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2022.12.010 |
| 中文关键词: 异养硝化 不动杆菌 脱氮特性 高浓度氨氮 养猪废水 |
| 英文关键词: heterotrophic nitrification Acinetobacterium denitrification characteristics high concentration of ammonia nitrogen pig wastewater |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（41877288）；区域（四川）创新发展联合基金重点项目（U21A2016） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】针对养殖废水中的高浓度 NH4+-N 难处理的问题，从湖泊底泥中分离筛选出 1 株异养硝化细菌，并鉴定。【方法】对筛选菌株进行革兰氏染色、扫描电镜观察、菌株鉴定。16SrDNA 测序结果在 Blast 数据库进行同源性分析并构建系统发育树；研究不同氮源下，该菌株的异养硝化和好氧反硝化性能以及通过不同菌液接种量、碳源、初始 pH、温度、C/N、初始 NH4+-N 浓度为环境因素研究其脱氮特性；将该菌株投加到实际农村养猪废水中，评价其应用能力。【结果】筛选得到的菌株异养硝化菌株，鉴定为不动杆菌（Acinetobacter sp），命名为 L-1；单因素试验结果表明：菌株 L-1 在接种比例 2%、碳源为柠檬酸钠、pH 值 6~9、温度 20~30℃、C/N10~20、NH4+-N 初始浓度 50 mg/L 条件下异养硝化效果最好；在实际养猪废水中投加 L-1 进行脱氮，在96 h 时，其中 1 000 mg/L 的 NH4+-N 废水降至 298.46 mg/L，去除率达 70.15%，对比空白对照 NH4+-N 去除率提高 45.78%，其中 NO3--N 和 NO2--N 浓度均在下降。【结论】菌株 L-1 具有异养硝化和好氧反硝化能力，在异养硝化菌处理养猪废水研究方面具有一定的参考价值。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】Aiming at the problem of being difficult to treat the high concentration of NH4+-N in farming wastewater, one heterotrophic nitrification bacterium was isolated and screened from the lake sediment.【Method】The screened strains were subjected to Gram staining, scanning electron microscopy and strain identification. Homology analysis of 16SrDNA sequencing results was performed in the Blast database and phylogenetic trees were constructed. The heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification properties of this strain under different nitrogen sources were studied, and the denitrification characteristics were studied with different inoculum levels, carbon source, initial pH, temperature, C/N, and initial NH4+-N concentration as environmental factors. Finally, the strain was added to the actual rural pig wastewater to evaluate its application ability.【Result】The strain of heterotrophic nitrification strain was identified as Acinetobacter sp and named L-1. Univariate experiments showed that L-1 had the best heterotrophic nitrification effect under inoculation ratio of 2%, carbon source of sodium citrate, pH 6-9, temperature 20-30 ℃ , C/N 10-20, and NH4+-N initial concentration of 50 mg/L. In the actual pig wastewater, L-1 was added to the wastewater for nitrogen removal, in which the 1 000 mg/L NH4+-N wastewater was reduced to 298.46 mg/L at the 96th hour. The removal rate of NH4+-N reached 70.15%, which was 45.78% higher than that of the blank control group, while both concentrations of NO3--N and NO2--N were decreased.【Conclusion】The strain L-1 has the ability of heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification, which has certain reference value in the study of heterotrophic nitrification bacteria for the treatment of pig wastewater. |
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