| 孙瑞波,章凤玲,宗静雯,等.微生物在盐碱地改良中的作用及研究展望[J].广东农业科学,2024,(12-2):- |
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微生物在盐碱地改良中的作用及研究展望 |
| The role of microorganisms in saline-alkali land amelioration and its research prospects |
| 投稿时间：2024-07-29 修订日期：2025-04-04 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 盐碱地改良 功能微生物 耐盐碱微生物 微生物改良 修复机制 微生物群落调控 |
| 英文关键词: Saline-alkali soil remediation Functional microorganisms saline-alkali resistant microorganisms microbial remediation amelioration mechanisms regulation of microbial community |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年项目（41807057）；中国科学院战略性先导科技专项任务（XDA24020104-2） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 90 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 盐碱地是重要的后备土地资源，我国盐碱地面积大、分布广，通过土壤改良来发挥盐碱地的农业生产潜力，对于保证国家粮食安全和经济社会可持续发展具有重要意义。盐碱地中蕴含着种类繁多、功能多样的微生物资源，作为土壤生态系统中最活跃的成员之一，微生物在土壤结构改良、肥力提升和促进植物生长中发挥着重要作用，充分开发和利用微生物资源是改良盐碱地的重要途径。然而，由于对盐碱地微生物群落构建机制、生态功能调控途径和植物-微生物互惠互利机制等基本原理缺乏全面了解，加之微生物群落较高的环境敏感性等特点，基于微生物的盐碱地改良技术的开发仍面临巨大挑战。该文总结了盐碱地中的主要功能微生物资源，概括了微生物提高盐碱地土壤质量、促进植物生长和抗逆性、提高作物生产力的主要作用途径，回顾了目前利用微生物改良盐碱地的主要方法及其研究进展，并探讨了微生物改良盐碱地面临的挑战和未来的研究内容与方向，以期推动盐碱地微生物生态研究的开展，并为盐碱地改良提供微生物学的解决方案。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Saline-alkali land, serving as a crucial reserve land resource, is widely distributed in China. Enhancing soil quality to unlock the agricultural potential of these lands is of great importance to ensure national food security and promote sustainable socioeconomic development. Notably, saline-alkali soils harbor diverse microbial resources with multifaceted functions. As the most active components within soil ecosystems, microorganisms play pivotal roles in improving soil structure, enhancing soil fertility, and facilitating plant growth. The strategic exploitation of these microbial resources represents a promising approach for saline-alkali soil remediation. Nevertheless, substantial challenges persist in developing microorganism-based amelioration technologies, as there are still lack of comprehensive understanding of microbial community assembly mechanisms, pathways for regulating ecological functions, and plant-microbe mutualistic interactions in saline-alkali environments, and the inherent environmental sensitivity of microbial communities further compounds these limitations. This paper systematically reviews current knowledge regarding microbial resources in saline-alkali ecosystems and their potential utilization in saline-alkali soil remediation. We critically analyze recent advancements in microbial amelioration strategies while identifying persistent challenges. Furthermore, we propose targeted research directions to address existing knowledge gaps in microbial ecology and facilitate the development of innovative bioremediation technologies. These insights aim to provide theoretical foundations and technical references for sustainable saline-alkali land management. |
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