| 孙瑞波,章凤玲,宗静雯,等.微生物在盐碱地改良中的作用及研究展望[J].广东农业科学,2024,(12-2):- |
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微生物在盐碱地改良中的作用及研究展望 |
| The role of microorganisms in saline-alkali land amelioration and its research prospects |
| 投稿时间：2024-07-29 修订日期：2024-11-26 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 盐碱地改良 功能微生物 耐盐碱微生物 微生物改良 修复机制 微生物群落调控 |
| 英文关键词: Saline-alkali soil remediation Functional microorganisms saline-alkali resistant microorganisms microbial remediation amelioration mechanisms regulation of microbial community |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年项目（41807057）；中国科学院战略性先导科技专项任务（XDA24020104-2） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 盐碱地是重要的后备土地资源，我国盐碱地面积大、分布广，通过土壤改良来发挥盐碱地的农业生产潜力，对于保证国家粮食安全和经济社会可持续发展具有重要意义。盐碱地中蕴含着种类繁多、功能多样的微生物资源，作为土壤生态系统中最活跃的成员之一，微生物在土壤结构改良、肥力提升和促进植物生长中发挥着重要的作用，充分开发和利用微生物资源是改良盐碱地的重要途径。但由于对盐碱地微生物群落构建机制、生态功能调控途径和植物——微生物互惠互利机制等基本原理缺乏全面的了解，加之微生物群落较高的环境敏感性等特点，基于微生物的盐碱地改良技术的开发仍面临巨大挑战。该文总结了盐碱地中的主要功能微生物资源，概括了微生物提高盐碱地土壤质量、促进植物生长和抗逆性、提高作物生产力的主要作用途径，回顾了目前利用微生物改良盐碱地的主要方法及其研究进展，并探讨了微生物改良盐碱地面临的挑战和未来的研究内容与方向，以期推动盐碱地微生物生态研究的开展，并为盐碱地改良提供微生物学的解决方案。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Saline-alkali land is an important reserve land resource, saline-alkali land is large and widely distributed in China. Improving soil quality to tap the agricultural production potential of saline-alkali land is of great significance to ensure national food security and sustainable development of economy and society. Saline-alkali soil contains a wide variety of microbial resources with diverse functions. As one of the most active components in soil ecosystems, microorganisms play an important role in soil structure improvement, fertility improvement, and plant growth. Development and utilization of microbial resources is an important way to improve the quality of saline-alkali soil. However, due to the lack of comprehensive understanding of the basic principles of microbial community assembly, ecological function regulation pathways, and plant-microbial mutual benefit mechanisms in saline-alkali land, coupled with the high environmental sensitivity of microbial communities, the development of microbial-based saline-alkali land improvement technology still faces great challenges. In this paper, the microbial resources in saline-alkali land and its role in saline-alkali land amelioration are summarized, the current research progress of using microorganisms to improve saline-alkali land is reviewed, and the challenges faced by microbial improvement of saline-alkali land and the future research content and direction are discussed, which would provide reference for the study of microbial ecology in saline-alkali soil and the development of amelioration technology based on microorganisms. |
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