| 许兆葳,李莎,赵俊生,等.不同荔枝品种对炭疽病抗性鉴定与评价[J].广东农业科学,2025,(1-2):- |
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不同荔枝品种对炭疽病抗性鉴定与评价 |
| Resistance Identification and Evaluation of Anthracnose of Different Litchi Cultivars |
| 投稿时间：2024-10-02 修订日期：2024-11-13 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 荔枝品种 炭疽菌 离体接种 抗性鉴定 |
| 英文关键词: Litchi cultivars Colletotrichum spp. Cluster analysis Resistance identification |
| 基金项目:广东省重大研发项目(2021B0707010003),广东省普通高校重点领域专项项目(2020ZDZX1056),国家荔枝龙眼产业技术体系茂名综合试验站(CARS-32-17),岭南特色水果荔枝、菠萝、枇杷和火龙果新品种选育(2018B020202011)和广东省大专项(20211JX2365)； |
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| 摘要点击次数: 40 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】荔枝炭疽病是严重影响我国荔枝产量和品质的两大主要病害之一。通过接种炭疽病菌对荔枝品种进行抗病性评价,以期筛选出抗病品种。【方法】采集具有典型炭疽症状的荔枝病样,利用组织分离、形态学和分子生物学方法,分离鉴定出荔枝炭疽病病菌。并采用离体接种方法对国家荔枝种质资源圃(茂名)中的28个荔枝品种进行了炭疽病抗性鉴定评价。【结果】分离鉴定出了两种引起荔枝炭疽病的炭疽菌,分别为暹罗炭疽菌(Colletotrichum siamense) 和果生炭疽菌(Colletotrichum fructicola)。在27份荔枝叶片和18份荔枝果实上的抗病性评价结果显示,不同品种对炭疽病的抗性存在明显差异,同一品种的不同部位对炭疽病的敏感性也有所不同。基于17个荔枝品种的果实与叶片之间的抗性反应进行综合评价,鉴定出3个高抗品种、3个中抗品种、6个中感品种和5个高感品种。【结论】筛选出了3个高抗品种,为抗荔枝炭疽病的基因发掘与抗病新品种培育奠定了坚实的基础。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】Litchi anthracnose is one of the two major diseases that seriously affect the yield and quality of litchi in China. The study aims to evaluate the disease resistance of litchi cultivars by inoculating with Colletotrichum spp., in order to screen out resistant cultivars. 【Method】The litchi samples with typical anthracnose symptoms were collected, and the pathogen of litchi anthracnose was isolated and identified by tissue isolation, morphology and molecular biology methods. SAnd the anthracnose resistance of 28 litchi cultivars from the National Litchi Germplasm Resources Nursery was evaluated by in vitro inoculation. 【Result】Two species of Colletotrichum were identified as the causal agents of litchi anthracnose: C. siamense and C. fructicola. The results of disease resistance evaluation on 27 litchi leaves and 18 litchi fruits showed that there were significant differences in anthracnose resistance among different cultivars, and the sensitivity of different tissues of the same cultivar to anthracnose was also different. Based on the comprehensive evaluation of the resistance response levels between fruits and leaves of 17 litchi cultivars, 3 high-resistant cultivars, 3 medium-resistant cultivars, 6 medium-susceptible cultivars and 5 high-susceptible cultivars were identified. 【Conclusion】Three high-resistant cultivars were successfully screened, which laid a solid foundation for the gene discovery of litchi anthracnose resistance and the cultivation of new disease-resistant cultivars. |
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