| 曹朝,陈晓峰.基于SSR技术分析烟台地区樱桃种质资源遗传多样性[J].广东农业科学,2025,(2-3):- |
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基于SSR技术分析烟台地区樱桃种质资源遗传多样性 |
| Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Cherry Germplasm Resources in Yantai Region Based on SSR Technology |
| 投稿时间：2024-11-13 修订日期：2025-01-03 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 烟台 甜樱桃 SSR 分子身份证 聚类分析 指纹图谱 |
| 英文关键词: Yan tai Prunus avium SSR Molecular identity card Cluster analysis Fingerprints |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目（2023YFE0206900）；烟台市校地融合发展项目（2023XDRHXMPT12） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】分析烟台地区樱桃种质的遗传多样性水平和亲缘关系，为甜樱桃种质资源的鉴定和利用提供科学依据。【方法】以烟台地区31份主栽甜樱桃品种及5份野生毛樱桃种质为试材，通过PCR扩增技术初步筛选出多态性良好的引物，采用简单重复序列荧光标记技术（Simple sequence repeat，SSR），对供试的烟台地区36份樱桃种质进行检测，构建樱桃种质的DNA分子身份证和指纹图谱并进行遗传多样性和遗传结构聚类分析。【结果】在供试的36份樱桃种质中，筛选出的8对SSR引物具有较好的多态性，共检测到73个等位基因，平均每个位点扩增出9.12个，Shannon信息指数（I）为1.25，Nei's基因多样性指数（H）为0.58，多态性信息含量（PIC）平均为0.55，表明所研究的烟台地区樱桃种质具有显著的遗传差异和丰富的遗传多样性。对SSR扩增条带进行分析并编码，成功构建36份樱桃种质的分子身份证和指纹图谱。利用UPGMA法构建聚类分析图，在遗传系数0.170处，36份樱桃种质分为甜樱桃和野生毛樱桃两类，表明野生毛樱桃与甜樱桃种质之间亲缘关系明显较远；在遗传系数0.556处，可将36份樱桃种质划分为7类，验算得出r值为0.93，且分析结果与指纹图谱相符合。对于31份烟台地区甜樱桃种质，在遗传系数0.611处，可重新分成5类，其聚类结果与以农艺形态特征和成熟季节的类别聚类大致符合。【结论】筛选的引物多态性良好，在樱桃种质的遗传多样性分析、指纹图谱构建和聚类分析中，可优先选用。本研究结果可为烟台地区甜樱桃种质的鉴定和遗传多样性的保护提供有力支撑，为其育种选择和遗传结构分析提供重要参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The genetic diversity and genetic relationship of cherry germplasm in Yantai area were analyzed, so as to provide a scientific basis for the identification and utilization of sweet cherry germplasm resources. 【Method】Thirty-one main sweet cherry varieties and 5 wild hairy cherry germplasms in Yantai area were used as test materials, and primers with good polymorphism were preliminarily screened by PCR amplification technology, and 36 cherry germplasms in Yantai were detected by simple sequence repeat (SSR) technology, and the DNA molecular ID card and fingerprint of cherry germplasm were constructed, and the genetic diversity and genetic structure cluster analysis were carried out. 【Result】Among the 36 cherry germplasms tested, 8 pairs of SSR primers were screened with good polymorphisms, a total of 73 alleles were detected, an average of 9.12 were amplified at each locus, the Shannon information index (I) was 1.25, the Nei's gene diversity index (H) was 0.58, and the polymorphism information content (PIC) was 0.55 on average, indicating that the cherry germplasm in Yantai area had significant genetic differences and rich genetic diversity. The SSR amplification bands were analyzed and encoded, and the molecular ID cards and fingerprints of 36 cherry germplasms were successfully constructed. The UPGMA method was used to construct a cluster analysis map, and the 36 cherry germplasms were divided into two categories: sweet cherry and wild hairy cherry at the genetic coefficient of 0.170, indicating that the genetic relationship between wild hairy cherry and sweet cherry germplasm was obviously distant, and at the genetic coefficient of 0.556, the 36 cherry germplasms could be divided into 7 categories, and the r-value was 0.93, and the analysis results were consistent with the fingerprint. For the 31 sweet cherry germplasms in Yantai area, the genetic coefficient was 0.611, which could be redivided into 5 categories, and the clustering results were in good agreement with the clustering of categories based on agronomic morphological characteristics and ripening season. 【Conclusion】 The primer polymorphisms of the selected primers were good, and they could be preferred in the genetic diversity analysis, fingerprint construction and cluster analysis of cherry germplasm. The results of this study can provide strong support for the identification of sweet cherry germplasm and the conservation of genetic diversity in Yantai area, and provide an important reference for its breeding selection and genetic structure analysis. |
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