| 彭一文,钟朱佩琦,金颖,等.浙江金线莲茎腐病病原菌鉴定及防治药剂室内毒力测定[J].广东农业科学,2025,(4-5):- |
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浙江金线莲茎腐病病原菌鉴定及防治药剂室内毒力测定 |
| Pathogen Identification of Stem Rot of Anoectochilus roxburghii and Laboratory Toxicity Test of Fungicides |
| 投稿时间：2024-12-08 修订日期：2025-08-04 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 金线莲茎腐病 病原鉴定 尖孢镰刀菌 三唑类杀菌剂 甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂 病害防控 |
| 英文关键词: Anoectochilus roxburghii stem rot pathogen identification Fusarium oxysporum triazole fungicides strobilurins fungicides disease control |
| 基金项目:设施蔬菜主要病虫害防控技术研究（Y202249712），浙江省教育厅一般科研项目；金华市农业重大科技项目（2023-2-005） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】明确引起金线莲茎腐病的主要病原菌及其分类地位，结合农药生物测定筛选出对金线莲茎腐病具有较好防治效果的药剂。【方法】分别采集设施栽培和无菌栽培模式下具有金线莲茎腐病典型症状的病样，通过组织分离获得金线莲茎腐病的病原菌，采用最大似然法（ML）和贝叶斯法（Bayesian）进行系统发育分析，并结合形态特征明确病原菌的分类地位；应用菌丝生长速率法测定三唑类杀菌剂和甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂对金线莲茎腐病病原菌（ZJUP0240R和ZJUP1054-1）的抑菌效果。【结果】设施栽培和无菌栽培模式下的金线莲茎腐病均由尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum）引起。室内毒力测定结果表明，戊唑醇、苯醚甲环唑、氟环唑和吡唑醚菌酯4种药剂对金线莲茎腐病病原菌ZJUP0240R和ZJUP1054-1具有较好抑菌效果，其中，戊唑醇对尖孢镰刀菌ZJUP0240R和ZJUP1054-1的EC50分别为0.0652 、0.0974 mg/L；苯醚甲环唑对尖孢镰刀菌ZJUP0240R和ZJUP1054-1的EC50分别为0.0731、0.122 2 mg/L；氟环唑对尖孢镰刀菌ZJUP0240R和ZJUP1054-1的EC50分别为0.0166、0.0564 mg/L；吡唑醚菌酯对尖孢镰刀菌ZJUP0240R和ZJUP1054-1的EC50分别为2.5657、0.3696 mg/L，4种供试药剂的毒力效果依次为：氟环唑>戊唑醇>苯醚甲环唑>吡唑醚菌酯。【结论】尖孢镰刀菌为不同栽培模式下的金线莲茎腐病病原菌，三唑类和甲氧基丙烯酸酯类杀菌剂对其具有较好的抑制效果，研究结果可为金线莲茎腐病的精准识别和化学防控提供科学参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】 The objective of this study is to clarify the pathogenic fungi and its taxonomic status that cause stem rot in Anoectochilus roxburghii under facility cultivation and aseptic cultivation modes, and to screen out the fungicides with better control effect on the disease by combining fungicide bioassay. 【Method】 The pathogenic fungi of Anoectochilus roxburghii stem rot were obtained by tissue isolation, and the maximum likelihood method (ML) and Bayesian method were used for combined gene phylogenetic analysis, and the taxonomic status of pathogens was clarified by morphological identification, and triazole fungicides and strobilurins fungicides were selected. The mycelial growth rate method was used to screen out the fungicides with good effect on the pathogens of stem rot (ZJUP0240R and ZJUP1054-1) . 【Result】 The results showed that the Anoectochilus roxburghii stem rot was caused by Fusarium oxysporum (Fo) in both facility cultivation and aseptic cultivation modes. The results of in fungicides bioassays showed that four fungicides, including tebuconazole, difenoconazole, epoxiconazole, and pyraclostrobin, exhibited good inhibitory effects against the pathogens Fo ZJUP0240R and Fo ZJUP1054-1 of Anoectochilus roxburghii stem rot. Among them, tebuconazole had an EC50 value of 0.0652 mg/L and 0.0974 mg/L against Fo ZJUP0240R and Fo ZJUP1054-1, respectively; difenoconazole had an EC50 value 0.0731 mg/L and 0.1222 mg/L against Fo ZJUP0240R and Fo ZJUP1054-1, respectively; epoxiconazole had an EC50 value of 0.0166 mg/L and 0.0564 mg/L against Fo ZJUP0240R and Fo ZJUP1054-1 respectively; and pyraclostrobin had an EC50 value of 2.5657 mg/L and 0.3696 mg/L against Fo ZJUP0240R and Fo ZJUP1054-1, respectively. The toxic effects of the pathogens of Anoectochilus roxburghii stem rot (Fusarium oxysporum ZJUP0240R and Fusarium oxysporum ZJUP1054-1) to the four tested fungicides were as follows: epoxiconazole> tebuconazole> difenoconazole> pyraclostrobin. 【Conclusion】 Fusarium oxysporum is a pathogenic fungi of Anoectochilus roxburghii stem rot under different cultivation modes, and the results of fungicide screening experiments show that triazole fungicides and strobilurins fungicides have a good effect on the mycelial inhibition of Anoectochilus roxburghii stem rot pathogens, and the results of this study can provide a reference for the identification and chemical control of Anoectochilus roxburghii stem rot. |
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