| 戴兴鑫,刘艳洁,李成霞,等.利用野生稻单片段代换系定位株高性状QTLs[J].广东农业科学,2024,(11):- |
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利用野生稻单片段代换系定位株高性状QTLs |
| QTL Mapping of Plant Height in Single-segment Substitution Lines of Wild Rice |
| 投稿时间：2024-12-16 修订日期：2024-12-31 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 南方野生稻 短舌野生稻 单片段代换系 株高 代换作图 QTL |
| 英文关键词: Oryza meridionalis Oryza barthiiO. barthii Single- segment substitution lines Plant height Substitution mapping QTL |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(31971866)；广东省自然科学基金(2019A1515010820)；广州市科技计划项目(201804020086) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】株高是与水稻株型密切相关的农艺性状，对水稻产量形成具有重要影响。充分挖掘野生稻中优异株高遗传位点，能丰富栽培稻矮源基因，为培育理想株型水稻品种提供新的遗传资源。【方法】本研究以南方野生稻（Oryza meridionalis）和短舌野生稻（Oryza barthii）分别为供体亲本的两套单片段代换系群体（简称：MER-SSSLs和BAR-SSSLs）为材料，采用多年大田试验，测定多季株高表型，对两套SSSLs和受体亲本‘华粳籼74’（‘HJX74’）进行Duncan’s多重比较，分析SSSLs与‘HJX74’之间的差异显著性，检测控制株高性状的QTLs。【结果】MER-SSSLs和BAR-SSSLs群体的株高在3个季节均呈单峰分布，群体内株系间株高表型变异范围分别为80.74~116.22 cm和80.26~167.33 cm。利用MER-SSSLs共鉴定到25个株高相关QTL，加性效应在-6.07~6.35 cm，单个QTL解释的表型变异范围在2.34~6.63%。其中7个QTL（qPHm2-1、qPHm2-2、qPHm3-1、qPHm4-2、qPHm5-1、qPHm5-4、qPHm5-5）在不同年份被重复鉴定到，表达稳定；且qPHm2-1、qPHm2-2、qPHm3-1、qPHm4-2、qPHm5-4未见报道，可能是来自南方野生稻控制株高性状的新QTL。利用BAR-SSSLs在2024年晚季共鉴定到21个株高QTL，加性效应范围在-5.41～29.28 cm，表型贡献率在2.45～30.13%。qPHb1-4和qPHb10-1表型贡献率均大于18.00%，其中qPHb10-1可能是来自短舌野生稻控制株高表型的新QTL。【结论】水稻株高性状是由多基因控制的数量性状。利用MER-SSSLs鉴定到7个稳定的株高QTL，利用BAR-SSSLs鉴定到2个控制株高的主效QTL。本研究结果为进一步克隆野生稻优异基因奠定了基础，为水稻株高性状育种提供了材料资源。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Abstract: 【Objective】Plant height is an agronomic trait closely related to rice plant architecture, which has an important role in rice yield. Through fully exploring the elite genetic loci for plant height in wild rice, it would be helpful in the enrichment of dwarf genes and provide new genetic resources for breeding rice varieties with ideal plant height.【Method】In this study, two sets of single-segment substituted lines, MER-SSSLs from Oryza meridionalis and BAR-SSSLs from Oryza barthii, were used as materials, trait of plant height were investigated through multi-seasons’ field trials. To detect QTLs controlling plant height in SSSLs, the different significance between the SSSLs and the recipient parent, ‘HJX74’, were analyzed by Duncan's multiple comparison test.【Result】The plant heights of the MER-SSSLs and BAR-SSSLs populations showed a unimodal distribution in all three seasons with a wide variation range, the range was from 80.74 cm to 116.22 cm and 80.26 cm to 167.33 cm, respectively. A total of 25 QTLs were identified in MER-SSSLs during three cropping seasons, the additive effects of the QTLs ranged from -6.07 cm to 6.35 cm, and the phenotypic variation explained by individual QTL was from 2.34% to 6.63%. Among them, seven QTLs (qPHm2-1, qPHm2-2, qPHm3-1, qPHm4-2, qPHm5-1, qPHm5-4, and qPHm5-5) were identified repeatedly in different seasons, presenting as the stable QTLs. Importantly, qPHm2-1, qPHm2-2, qPHm3-1, qPHm4-2, and qPHm5-4 have not been reported previously, which were considered novel QTLs of plant height in MER-SSSLs. In BAR-SSSLs population, a total of 21 QTLs were identified in late season of 2024, the additive effects ranged from -5.41 cm to 29.28 cm, with the phenotypic contributions from 2.45% to 30.17%. It found both qPHb1-4 and qPHb10-1 showed the phenotypic contributions of more than 18%. In addition, qPHb10-1 might be a novel QTL identified in BAR-SSSLs.【Conclusion】Plant height is a quantitative trait controlled by multiple genes in rice. Seven stable QTLs for plant height were identified in SSSLs of Oryza meridionalis and two main QTLs in SSSLs of Oryza barthii. It lays the foundation for further cloning of the elite genes for plant height in wild rice, and provides valuable genetic resources for breeding rice varieties with ideal plant height. |
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