自然海水与人工海水养殖下眼斑双锯鱼消化酶及抗氧化酶活性比较

胡　静 1; 2; 3; 周胜杰 1; 2; 3; 杨　蕊 1; 2; 3; 陈　旭 1; 2; 3; 杨其彬 1; 2; 3; 马振华 1; 2; 3

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胡　静 1，2，3，周胜杰 1，2，3，杨　蕊 1，2，3，陈　旭 1，2，3，杨其彬 1，2，3，马振华 1，2，3.自然海水与人工海水养殖下眼斑双锯鱼消化酶及抗氧化酶活性比较[J].广东农业科学,2019,46(8):129-137

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Comparison of Digestive Enzyme and Antioxidant EnzymeActivities of Amphiprion ocellaris Cultured inNatural Seawater and Artificial Seawater

DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2019.08.018

中文关键词: 眼斑双锯鱼自然海水人工海水酶活性组织特异性

英文关键词: Amphiprion ocellaris natural seawater artificial seawater enzyme activity tissue specificity

基金项目:三亚市专项科研试制项目（2018KS16）

作者	单位
胡　静 1，2，3，周胜杰 1，2，3，杨　蕊 1，2，3，陈　旭 1，2，3，杨其彬 1，2，3，马振华 1，2，3	1. 中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所热带水产研究开发中心，海南三亚 572018； 2. 农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室，广东广州 510300； 3. 三亚热带水产研究院，海南三亚 572018

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中文摘要:

【目的】探究眼斑双锯鱼幼鱼在自然海水和人工海水养殖环境下消化酶和抗氧化酶活性的变化规律。【方法】对眼斑双锯鱼进行自然海水、人工海水养殖试验，分别在放养 6、24、48、96 h 时进行取样分析，测定个体胃蛋白酶、肠淀粉酶以及不同组织抗氧化酶活性，主要包括肾、脾、肝脏、鳃丝及肌肉的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）及谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH）。【结果】不同养殖环境对胃蛋白酶影响显著（人工海水养殖条件下胃蛋白酶活性较高），而对淀粉酶影响不显著；不同养殖环境下，幼鱼抗氧化酶活性均存在组织差异性；人工海水养殖环境下，抗氧化酶活性虽然随时间呈波动变化，但其变化无明显规律。其中，人工海水养殖幼鱼胃蛋白酶活性仅于 6 h 低于自然海水处理，其他各时间点高于自然海水处理，而淀粉酶活性情况相反，即仅于 6 h 时高于自然海水处理；SOD 活性最大值（36.70±3.55 U/mgprot）来源于人工海水养殖 48 h 后取样的肌肉组织；鳃和肌肉 POD 活性最大值分别出现在自然海水养殖 96 h 时，其他各组织 POD 活性最大值均出现在人工海水养殖处理；脾组织 CAT 活性最大值出现在自然海水养殖 24 h 时，其他各组织均出现在人工海水养殖处理；脾和鳃 GSH 活性最大值分别出现在自然海水养殖 96 h 时，其他各组织 GSH 活性最大值均出现在人工海水养殖处理。【结论】眼斑双锯鱼幼鱼在人工海水养殖下存在一定应激，而个体亦对该应激存在一定调节作用，且不同组织所具调节功能不同。

英文摘要:

【Objective】 The study was to investigate the changes of digestive enzyme and antioxidant enzyme activities in juvenile Amphiprion ocellaris cultured in natural seawater and artificial seawater. 【Method】 Natural seawater and artificial seawater culture experiments of A. ocellaris were carried out, and the samples were analyzed after being cultured for 6, 24, 48 and 96 hours to determine the activities of individual pepsin, intestinal amylase and various tissue antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH) of kidney, spleen, liver, gill filament and muscle. 【Result】 The results showed that different culture treatments had significant effects on pepsin (the activity of pepsin of artificial seawater group was significantly higher than that of natural seawater group), but had no significant effect on amylase. There were tissue difference in antioxidant enzyme activities of juvenile A. ocellaris under different culture conditions. In the artificial seawater group, although the activities of antioxidant enzymes fluctuated with time, the law of the change was not obvious. Pepsin activity of juvenile A. ocellaris in artificial seawater group was lower than that in natural seawater group only at 6 h and higher than that in natural seawater at other time points, while the amylase activity showed reverse situation, namely, the pepsin activity was higher than that in natural seawater only at 6 h. The maximum SOD activity (36.70±3.55 U/mg) was obtained from the sampled muscle after being cultured for 48 h in artificial seawater. The maximum POD activity of gill filament and muscle presented in natural seawater at 96 h respectively, while that of other tissues presented in artificial seawater group. The maximum CAT activity of spleen presented in natural seawater at 24 h, and that of other tissues in the artificial seawater group. The maximum GSH activity of spleen and gill filament presented in natural seawater group at 96 h, and that of other tissues in artificial seawater group. 【Conclusion】 The results prove that the artificial seawater culture condition has certain stress on the juvenile A. ocellaris, the individual also has a certain regulation effect on the stress, and different tissues have different regulation functions.

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