| 彭 强，徐海峰，宫彦龙，吴 娴，吴朝昕，吴健强，朱速松.基于高密度遗传图谱的水稻糙米籽粒大小 QTL 定位[J].广东农业科学,2023,50(12):96-103 |
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基于高密度遗传图谱的水稻糙米籽粒大小 QTL 定位 |
| Mapping of QTLs for Rice Grain Size Based on High-density Genetic Map |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2023.12.009 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻 籽粒大小 重组自交系 数量性状位点 遗传图谱 |
| 英文关键词: PENG Qiang, XU Haifeng, GONG Yanlong, WU Xian, WU Chaoxin, WU Jianqiang, ZHU Susong |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（32260497）；贵州省基础研究（自然科学）项目（黔科合基础 -ZK〔2023〕一般178）；贵州省科技计划项目（黔科合平台人才〔2018〕5263）；贵州省科技计划项目（黔科合支撑〔2022〕重点 028） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】籽粒大小是影响水稻产量的主要农艺性状之一。采用籼稻品种 V20B 与细长型爪哇稻品种 CPSLO17 衍生的重组自交系开展水稻糙米籽粒大小 QTL 定位研究，挖掘遗传稳定的主效 QTL，为优质高产稻品种培育提供新的基因资源和科学依据。【方法】基于 V20B/CPSLO17 遗传背景的高密度遗传连锁图谱，结合150 份重组自交系在 4 种环境（2019 年贵州贵阳、2020 年贵州贵阳、2021 年贵州贵定、2021 年海南三亚）中的糙米籽粒大小表型数据，采用 IciMapping 4.0 软件的 ICIM-ADD 方法进行 QTL 扫描。【结果】亲本 V20B 的糙米籽粒大小显著大于 CPSLO17，重组自交系的糙米籽粒大小在 4 种环境间差异显著，均表现出连续的单峰分布。4 种环境共检测到分布于 7 条染色体上的 11 个与糙米籽粒大小相关的 QTL，LOD 值均介于 3.00~14.57 之间。4 个 QTL（qRGS5、qRGS7.1、qRGS7.2 和 qRGS11.3）的表型贡献率超过 10%，其中 qRGS5 在 4 种环境中均被重复检测到，分别解释群体表型变异率的 29.71%、28.77%、17.27% 和 12.50%。3 个 QTL（qRGS2.1、qRGS2.2和 qRGS12）的增效等位基因源自亲本 CPSLO17，8 个 QTL（qRGS4.1、qRGS5、qRGS7.1、qRGS7.2、qRGS8、qRGS11.1、qRGS11.2 和 qRGS11.3）的增效等位基因源自亲本 V20B，qRGS5 在 4 种环境中的增效等位基因均源自亲本 V20B。【结论】亲本 V20B 和 CPSLO17 间糙米籽粒大小差异极显著，糙米籽粒大小性状易受环境影响。QTL qRGS5 是影响糙米籽粒大小且遗传稳定的主效 QTL，在糙米籽粒大小性状基因挖掘和高产优质稻分子育种中具有潜在的应用价值。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】Grain size is one of the main agronomic traits affecting rice yield. A recombinant inbred line population derived from indica rice variety V20B and slender javanica rice variety CPSLO17 was used for QTL mapping of brown rice grain size. It aims to explore the genetically-stable main effect QTLs, providing new genetic resources and scientific basis for developing high-quality and high-yield rice varieties.【Method】Based on the high-density genetic linkage map of V20B/CPSLO17 genetic background, the brown rice grain size phenotype data of 150 recombinant inbred lines under four environments (Guiyang, Guizhou in 2019, Guiyang, Guizhou in 2020, Guiding, Guizhou in 2021, and Sanya, Hainan in 2021) were used for QTL scanning by the ICIM-ADD method of IciMapping 4.0 software.【Result】The grain size of brown rice from parent V20B was significantly larger than that from CPSLO17, and the grain sizes of brown rice from recombinant inbred lines showed significant differences among the four environments, all exhibiting a continuous unimodal distribution. A total of 11 QTLs related to brown rice grain size distributed on 7 chromosomes were found in the four environments, with their LOD values ranging from 3.00 to 14.57. Four QTLs including qRGS5, qRGS7.1, qRGS7.2, and qRGS11.3 had a phenotypic variance explained (PVE) over 10%, of which the qRGS5 was repeatedly detected in all four environments, with its PVE of 29.71%, 28.77%, 17.27% and 12.50%, respectively. The synergistic alleles of three QTLs (qRGS2.1, qRGS2.2 and qRGS12) derived from the parent CPSLO17, while the other eight synergistic alleles (qRGS4.1, qRGS5, qRGS7.1, qRGS7.2, qRGS8, qRGS11.1, qRGS11.2 and qRGS11.3) derived from the parent V20B, and the synergistic alleles of QTL qRGS5 detected in all four environments derived from the parent V20B.【Conclusion】The difference of brown rice grain size between parents V20B and CPSLO17 is extremely significant. The brown rice grain size trait is affected by the environments. The QTL qRGS5 is a genetically-stable main effect QTL that affects grain size in brown rice, which has practical value in new gene discovery for brown rice grain size and molecular breeding for high-yield and high-quality rice. |
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