| 孙万霞，潘晓芳.杀菌剂防治对隆安县板栗果实病害及采前落果的影响[J].广东农业科学,2019,46(1):79-83 |
|
查看全文
HTML
杀菌剂防治对隆安县板栗果实病害及采前落果的影响 |
| Effects of Fungicides on Fruit Diseases and Pre-harvest Fruit Drops of Chestnuts in Long'an County |
| |
| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2019.01.012 |
| 中文关键词: 板栗 杀菌剂 落果率 发病率 防治效果 |
| 英文关键词: Chestnut fungicide fruit drop rate disease rate control effect |
| 基金项目:广西创新驱动发展专项资金（桂 AA17204058-7，桂 AA17204058-12） |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 1891 |
| 全文下载次数: 671 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】明确隆安县板栗果实病害及采前落果原因，并筛选出有效防治板栗果实病害及落果的药剂，
为板栗果实病害及采前落果防治提供科学依据。【方法】通过对 14 年生板栗实地调查，针对板栗落果及果实
病害现象，开展不同杀菌剂对隆安县板栗果实病害和采前落果影响，以清水为对照，采前 1 个月用多菌灵、春
雷霉素、苯醚甲环唑、春雷霉素 + 苯醚甲环唑和噻菌酮等 5 种杀菌剂单剂或混剂喷施板栗 3 次，最后一次喷药
为采收前约 15 d，调查板栗落果率和病害率。【结果】5 种杀菌剂单剂或混剂使用均能减少采前落果，平均落
果率在 10.60%~34.24% 之间，其中多菌灵杀菌剂防治效果最佳，落果率为 10.60%。另外在果实发病率中，各
处理发病率最小为 19.69 %，最大为 33.49%，总体平均值为 27.16%，多菌灵药剂处理平均落果率为 19.69%，
且通过病原菌分离、纯化及致病性试验最终确认 3 种危害板栗果实病害的真菌菌株。【结论】板栗的保果措施
应该主要针对多菌灵杀菌剂的合理喷施及科学管理进行深入研究，使落果及病害减少，提高经济效益和产量。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The objective is to identify the cause of fruit diseases and pre-harvest fruit drop of Chinese
chestnuts in Long’an and select the effective fungicides for the diseases and drop in order to provide a scientific basis for
the prevention of fruit diseases and pre-harvest fruit drop of chestnuts.【Method】Through field investigation of 14-yearold chestnuts, the effects of different fungicides on fruit diseases and pre-harvest fruit drop of chestnuts in Long’an
County were carried out in response to the phenomenon of fruit drop and diseases of chestnuts. Clear water was used in the
control group. Five fungicides, including Carbendazim, Kasugamycin, Diphenoxazole, Kasugamycin + Diphenoxazole and
Thiodiazole-copper were sprayed, individually or in combination, on the chestnuts for 3 times one month before harvest,
with the last spraying performed about 15 days before harvest. And the rates of pre-harvest fruit drop and diseases were
investigated.【Result】The five fungicides, sprayed individually or in combination, could reduce the fruit drop before
harvest. The average rate of fruit drop was between 10.60% and 34.24%, with the best control effect found in carbendazim
(10.60%). In addition, the rate of fruit diseases ranged from19.69% and 33.49%, with an overall average of 27.16%.
The average rate of fruit drop was 19.69% for those sprayed with carbendazim. Three fungi strains that caused the fruit diseases of chestnuts were finally identified through a pathogenic bacteria separation, purification and pathogenicity
test.【Conclusion】For the fruit protection measures of chestnuts, in-depth research should mainly focus on the rational
spraying and scientific management of the fungicide carbendazim to reduce the fruit drop and diseases and improve economic
benefits and yield. |
|
查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
