广州市南沙经济区土壤重金属形态分布研究

黄思宇; 彭晓春; 陈志良; 吴彦瑜; 房巧丽

文章摘要

黄思宇，彭晓春，陈志良，吴彦瑜，房巧丽.广州市南沙经济区土壤重金属形态分布研究[J].广东农业科学,2013,40(10):58-61

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Species distribution of heavy metals in soil of Nanshaeconomic zone of Guangzhou city

DOI：

中文关键词: 土壤重金属形态分布

英文关键词: soils heavy metal speciation

基金项目:国家环保公益性行业科研专项（2011467024，201209022）；中央级公益性科研所基本科研业务专项（ZX-201106-089）

作者	单位
黄思宇，彭晓春，陈志良，吴彦瑜，房巧丽	湖南农业大学资源环境学院；环境保护部华南环境科学研究所

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中文摘要:

采用HCl-HNO3-HF、HClO4硝化法和BCR（Community Bureau of Reference）连续提取法对广州南沙经济区土壤中重金属Zn、Pb、Cd、Ni、Cu、Cr的含量及形态分布进行分析。结果表明，南沙经济区土壤中，重金属Zn、Cd、Ni、Cu的含量超过了国家土壤环境质量二级标准，但污染程度较轻；与广东省土壤元素背景值相比、南沙经济区土壤中的Zn、Pb、Cr、Ni、Cu、Cd含量均超出背景值，分别为背景值的9.49、4.9、1.7、4.29、5.68、11.06倍。土壤中，Zn、Cu、Cr元素主要以残渣态和可氧化态的形式存在，分别占其总量的52.39%、48.34%、66.23%和23.30%、41.96%、27.67%；Pb元素主要以可氧化态和残渣态的形式存在，分别占其总量的46.88%和31.48%；Ni元素主要以残渣态的形式存在，占其总量的72.45%；Cd元素主要以弱酸提取态和可离子交换态的形式存在，分别占其总量的41.81%和27.55%，其活性明显高于其他重金属元素，对环境造成污染的风险最高。

英文摘要:

The HCl -HNO3-HF, HClO4 codigestion method and three-step BCR (Community Bureau of Reference) sequential extraction procedure method were used to analyse the contents and speciation of heavy metals (Zn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cu and Cr) in Nansha economic zone of Guangzhou city. The results showed that the contents of Zn, Cd, Ni and Cu in soil exceeded the maximum permissible limits which setted by state environmental protection agency (SEPA) for soils in China, but the pollution was not obvious. Compared with the Guangdong soil background value, the contents of Zn, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu, Cd in Nansha ecnomic zone had exceeded the background value, separately were 9.49, 4.9, 1.7, 4.29, 5.68, 11.06 times of the background value. In soil, Zn, Cu and Cr were dominantly released in the residual and oxides fractions, they accounted for 52.39%, 48.34%, 66.23% and 23.30%, 41.96%, 27.67% of their total contents,respectively; Pb was dominantly released in the oxidizable and residual fractions, they accounted for 46.88% and 31.48% of its total contents, respectively; Ni was dominantly released in the residual fractions, it accounted for 72.45% of its total contents; Cd wasdominantly released in the weak acid soluble and exchangeable ion fraction, they accounted for 41.81% and 27.55% of its total contents,respectively. The activity of Cd was obviously higher than the other heavy metal elements, and it will bring the highest risks to the environment pollution.

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