| 杨德翠，胡彦江.立枯丝核菌侵染对花生光合机构活性的影响[J].广东农业科学,2015,42(15):36-42 |
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立枯丝核菌侵染对花生光合机构活性的影响 |
| Effects of Rhizoctonia solani infection onphotosystems activities of peanut leaves |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 花生 立枯丝核菌 光系统Ⅰ 光系统Ⅱ 叶绿素荧光诱导动力学曲线 |
| 英文关键词: peanut Rhizoctonia solani photosystem I photosystem II chlorophyll fluorescence transient |
| 基金项目:青岛农业大学高层次人才启动基金
（631413） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1672 |
| 全文下载次数: 740 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 花生（Arachis hypogaea L.）根部接种立枯丝核菌（Rhizoctonia solani Kühn）后，通过对其叶片叶
绿素荧光快速诱导动力学曲线、820 nm 光吸收曲线及相关生理指标的测定，研究根部病原菌侵染对叶片光合
机构活性的影响。结果表明，接种病原菌后5 d，侵染率为0%，接种后50 d，侵染率为58.3%，接菌花生地上
部干重比对照降低10.5%，地下部干重降低20.0%。同时，花生叶片的净光合速率（Pn）和叶绿素含量显著下
降，气孔导度下降较慢，而CO2 浓度无显著变化；叶片中H2O2 和丙二醛含量显著升高，Fv/Fm 和PIABS 均显著下
降；光系统Ⅱ电子供体侧、反应中心和受体侧活性均受到抑制，但电子受体侧所受伤害较大；病原菌侵染显著
降低了光系统Ⅰ（ΔI/Io）活性。丝核菌侵染花生根部，叶片中H2O2 积累，破坏膜系统，对光系统功能造成伤
害，致使光合电子传递能力下降，过剩激发能增加，导致活性氧积累，进一步加剧对光系统的伤害，从而抑制
了花生的光合作用，进而降低了花生生长量。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to investigate the effects of root infection of Rhizoctonia solani on photosystems activities of
peanut leaves，Chlorophyll fluorescence transient，light absorbance at 820 nm and some related physiological indexes
of peanut leaves were detected. The results showed that，5 days after peanut inoculation，the infection rate was 0%，
and 50 days after inoculation，the infection rate was 58.3%. Compared with the control，the aboveground mass of
peanut reduced by 10.5%，the belowground mass reduced by 20.0%，the net photosynthetic rate（Pn）and chlorophyll
content significantly decreased，stomatal conductance declined slowly，whereas intercellular CO2 concentration had no
significant change. Furthermore，significant increase of H2O2 and malondialdehyde content and significant decline of Fv/
Fm and PIABS were observed in infected peanut leaves. The electronic donor sides，reaction centers and acceptor sides of
PS II were significantly damaged by R. solani infection， and the acceptor side was harmed more seriously than the donor
side. Meanwhile，the PS I activity was also damaged severely. R. solani infection resulted in an increase of H2O2，which
damaged the photosystem functions and hindered the electronic transferring from PS II to PS I. Accumulation of excessive
excitation energy led to an increase of reactive oxygen species，which damaged photosystems further and then inhibited
the photosynthesis in peanuts，thus reduced their biomass |
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