| 苗 齐，聂 丹.冬小麦旱涝灾害及其对产量的影响
——基于驻马店数据分析[J].广东农业科学,2015,42(18):1-7 |
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冬小麦旱涝灾害及其对产量的影响
——基于驻马店数据分析 |
| Drought and flood disasters and their impactson yield for winter wheat—An analytical study of Zhumadian City |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 农业气象灾害 旱涝指数 冬小麦 底墒 |
| 英文关键词: agricultural meteorological disaster flood and drought index winter wheat soil water |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金（10zd&031） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1827 |
| 全文下载次数: 528 |
| 中文摘要: |
| ：对河南省驻马店市1980—2012 年多种农业气象资料进行分析，在相对湿润指数的基础上，充分
考虑冬小麦不同发育阶段对水分的敏感程度、有效降雨量以及土壤底墒对冬小麦产量的影响，构建了适于驻
马店冬小麦的旱涝指标。根据《中国气象灾害大典· 河南卷》、农业气象旬报和农业灾害旬报等资料设定旱
涝指标的等级标准，并对指标进行了检验，结果表明，旱涝指标对冬小麦旱涝情况具有很好的指示作用。在此
基础上进行了冬小麦旱涝灾害特征分析，发现1980—2012 年冬小麦以旱灾为主，且多为中旱及中旱以下等级
旱灾；返青至抽穗两个生育阶段发生的灾害均为旱灾，抽穗至成熟两阶段偶有涝灾发生。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Through an analysis of meteorological data from 1980 to 2012 of Zhumadian City in Henan Province，
simultaneously taking consideration of winter wheat’s sensitive degree to moisture in different stages，effective rainfall，
and the influence of soil water on winter wheat yield，we constructed a series of drought and flood indexes suitable
for Zhumadian’s winter wheat on the basis of relative humidity index. Besides，rating standards of drought and flood
indexes were also set according to lots of materials including China meteorological disasters ceremony of Henan volume，
agricultural meteorology ten-day reports and agricultural disaster ten-day reports data and so on. After a test for
indicators set above，we found that these indicators could reflect winter wheat’s drought and flood correctly. Finally，
we also studied the characteristics of drought and flood of winter wheat. Results showed that to winter wheat，drought
appeared more during 1980-2012，and almost no severe drought happened. Moreover，disasters from turning green to
spiking were all droughts，and flood occurred occasionally from spiking to maturation. |
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