赵 静1,郭勇祥2,林志豪2,陈晓鑫2,黄三文3,廖 红2.黄瓜磷效率评价及其基因型差异[J].广东农业科学,2015,42(19):27-35 |
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黄瓜磷效率评价及其基因型差异 |
Evaluation of phosphorus efficiency andits genotypic variations in cucumber |
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DOI: |
中文关键词: 黄瓜 磷效率 磷吸收效率 基因型差异 |
英文关键词: cucumber P efficiency P uptake
efficiency genotypic variation |
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中文摘要: |
在水培条件下,评价了来源不同的18 个黄瓜基因型的磷效率,并初步分析了导致黄瓜磷效率
基因型差异的生理机理。结果表明,两周的低磷胁迫严重抑制了黄瓜地上部生长,但刺激了根系的生长,主
要表现在叶片数、叶面积、株高和茎粗降低,根冠比、比根长、总根长和总根表面积增加,根变细、根平均直
径降低等。与高磷处理下供试黄瓜相比,低磷处理导致植株的总磷吸收量都不及高磷处理下的一半,下降了
62.66%~93.96%,但磷利用效率提高了2~7 倍。大部分根系形态指标(包括主根长、总根长、根表面积等)与
黄瓜磷吸收效率显著相关。黄瓜的磷效率与其磷吸收效率极显著正相关,而与其利用效率相关性不大。磷胁迫
改变了黄瓜地上部和地下部形态构型、显著降低了黄瓜植株总磷效率和磷吸收效率,磷利用效率则显著提高,
基因型间差异显著。黄瓜的总磷效率主要由磷吸收效率决定。供试黄瓜中,基因型3、10、13 和17 为磷低效低
敏感型,而基因型1、14、15 和18 为磷高效高敏感型,可用于培育磷高效黄瓜品种。 |
英文摘要: |
Through hydroponic culture,P efficiencies of 18 cucumber genotypes from different origins were
evaluated,and the physiological mechanisms of genotypic variations underlying the cucumber P efficiency were
primarily studied. Results showed that cucumber shoot growth was significantly inhibited,while root growth was
stimulated after two-week low P treatment,as mainly indicated by decreased leaf number,leaf surface area,shoot
height and stem diameter;increased ratio of root to shoot,specific root length,total root length and root surface area;
as well as finer roots with reduced root diameter. Compared with cucumber seedlings at high P treatment,P contents
of cucumbers under low P conditions decreased less than half of those at high P treatment,about 62.66% to 93.96%,
while P use efficiencies increased by 2 to 7 times. Most root parameters(including tap root length,total root length
and root surface area)were significantly related with cucumber P uptake efficiency. Cucumber P efficiency was
significantly related with P uptake efficiency,but not related with P use efficiency. Low P stress changed cucumber shoot
and root morphologies,significantly decreased total P efficiency and P uptake efficiency of cucumber,but increased
P use efficiency,there were significant genotypic variations. Cucumber total P efficiency was mainly determined by
P uptake efficiency. Among tested cucumbers,genotype 3,10,13 and 17 belonged to type I(low P efficiency and
low P responsiveness),while genotype 1,14,15 and
18 belonged to type III(high P efficiency and high P
responsiveness),which can be used for cultivating
P-efficient cucumber varieties. |
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