文章摘要
赵 静1,郭勇祥2,林志豪2,陈晓鑫2,黄三文3,廖 红2.黄瓜磷效率评价及其基因型差异[J].广东农业科学,2015,42(19):27-35
查看全文    HTML 黄瓜磷效率评价及其基因型差异
Evaluation of phosphorus efficiency andits genotypic variations in cucumber
  
DOI:
中文关键词: 黄瓜  磷效率  磷吸收效率  基因型差异
英文关键词: cucumber  P efficiency  P uptake efficiency  genotypic variation
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作者单位
赵 静1,郭勇祥2,林志豪2,陈晓鑫2,黄三文3,廖 红2 1. 广东生态工程职业学院广东 广州 510520 2. 亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室/ 华南农业大学农学院广东 广州 510642 3. 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所北京 100081 
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中文摘要:
      在水培条件下,评价了来源不同的18 个黄瓜基因型的磷效率,并初步分析了导致黄瓜磷效率 基因型差异的生理机理。结果表明,两周的低磷胁迫严重抑制了黄瓜地上部生长,但刺激了根系的生长,主 要表现在叶片数、叶面积、株高和茎粗降低,根冠比、比根长、总根长和总根表面积增加,根变细、根平均直 径降低等。与高磷处理下供试黄瓜相比,低磷处理导致植株的总磷吸收量都不及高磷处理下的一半,下降了 62.66%~93.96%,但磷利用效率提高了2~7 倍。大部分根系形态指标(包括主根长、总根长、根表面积等)与 黄瓜磷吸收效率显著相关。黄瓜的磷效率与其磷吸收效率极显著正相关,而与其利用效率相关性不大。磷胁迫 改变了黄瓜地上部和地下部形态构型、显著降低了黄瓜植株总磷效率和磷吸收效率,磷利用效率则显著提高, 基因型间差异显著。黄瓜的总磷效率主要由磷吸收效率决定。供试黄瓜中,基因型3、10、13 和17 为磷低效低 敏感型,而基因型1、14、15 和18 为磷高效高敏感型,可用于培育磷高效黄瓜品种。
英文摘要:
      Through hydroponic culture,P efficiencies of 18 cucumber genotypes from different origins were evaluated,and the physiological mechanisms of genotypic variations underlying the cucumber P efficiency were primarily studied. Results showed that cucumber shoot growth was significantly inhibited,while root growth was stimulated after two-week low P treatment,as mainly indicated by decreased leaf number,leaf surface area,shoot height and stem diameter;increased ratio of root to shoot,specific root length,total root length and root surface area; as well as finer roots with reduced root diameter. Compared with cucumber seedlings at high P treatment,P contents of cucumbers under low P conditions decreased less than half of those at high P treatment,about 62.66% to 93.96%, while P use efficiencies increased by 2 to 7 times. Most root parameters(including tap root length,total root length and root surface area)were significantly related with cucumber P uptake efficiency. Cucumber P efficiency was significantly related with P uptake efficiency,but not related with P use efficiency. Low P stress changed cucumber shoot and root morphologies,significantly decreased total P efficiency and P uptake efficiency of cucumber,but increased P use efficiency,there were significant genotypic variations. Cucumber total P efficiency was mainly determined by P uptake efficiency. Among tested cucumbers,genotype 3,10,13 and 17 belonged to type I(low P efficiency and low P responsiveness),while genotype 1,14,15 and 18 belonged to type III(high P efficiency and high P responsiveness),which can be used for cultivating P-efficient cucumber varieties.
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