清洗和烹饪方式对稻米中残留毒死蜱的去除效果

韩 卉1; 2; 沙小玲1; 2; 陈小军1; 2; 顾浩天1; 2; 王 平1; 2; 陆春良2

文章摘要

韩卉1，2，沙小玲1，2，陈小军1，2，顾浩天1，2，王平1，2，陆春良2.清洗和烹饪方式对稻米中残留毒死蜱的去除效果[J].广东农业科学,2016,43(5):135-140

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Evaluation of different cleaning and processing methods for reducing chlorpyrifos residues on rice

DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2016.05.026

中文关键词: 稻米毒死蜱加工消解规律

英文关键词: rice chlorpyrifos cleaning method processing method

基金项目:江苏省自然科学基金（BK20130443）；扬州市科技计划项目（YZ2015029）；江苏省大学生创新项目（201411117048Y）

作者	单位
韩卉1，2，沙小玲1，2，陈小军1，2，顾浩天1，2，王平1，2，陆春良2	1. 扬州大学园艺与植物保护学院，江苏扬州 225009；2. 农业与农产品安全国际合作联合实验室（扬州大学），江苏扬州 225009）

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中文摘要:

毒死蜱常用来防治水稻上的主要害虫，会在稻米上残留并造成潜在危害。研究残留毒死蜱在稻米加工过程中的消解规律，阐明不同烹饪方式对稻米中残留毒死蜱的影响。采用清洗、蒸煮、煮粥、蒸煮后再炒饭等加工方式对稻米进行加工，研究表明清水清洗能有效去除稻米上残留毒死蜱，随着清洗次数的增加，去除效果更加明显，清洗3 次后去除率达到64.54%，加工因子为0.3546。而家庭烹饪方式能有效去除稻米中的残留毒死蜱，蒸煮后稻米中残留毒死蜱的去除率为87.83%，加工因子为0.1217；煮粥后，稻米中毒死蜱的去除率为96.07%，加工因子为0.0395；蒸煮后再炒饭，稻米中毒死蜱的去除率为98.35%，加工因子为0.0165。在上述3 种加工方式中，残留的毒死蜱会降解产生3,5,6- 三氯-2- 羟基吡啶。

英文摘要:

Chlorpyrifos is commonly used to control rice pests，but it will residue on rice and cause potential harm. Degradation dynamics study of chlorpyrifos residues on rice during processing could provide an instruction for removal efficiency of chlorpyrifos on rice during different processing methods. Rice processing methods such as cleaning， cooked，porridge，cooked and then fried were used to remove the chlorpyrifos residues on rice and their removal effects were evaluated. Tap water could effectively remove the chlorpyrifos residues on rice. With the increase of cleaning time， the removal effect was obvious. After washed for 3 times，the removal rate of chlorpyrifos residues was 70.29% and the processing factor was 0.2971. Home cooking could effectively remove the chlorpyrifos residues on rice. The removal rate of chlorpyrifos residues in boiled rice was 87.83% and the processing factor was 0.1217. The removal rate of the chlorpyrifos residues on porridge was 96.07% and the processing factor was 0.0395. The removal rate of chlorpyrif residues on fried rice was 98.35% and the processing factor was 0.0165. But the chlorpyrifos residues would degrade into 3,5,6-trichloro-2-hydroxy-pyridine.

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