| 康萍芝，张丽荣，杜玉宁，白小军，张治科.生物有机肥对压砂西瓜促生防病效果及土壤微生物区系的影响[J].广东农业科学,2017,44(9):69-74 |
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生物有机肥对压砂西瓜促生防病效果及土壤微生物区系的影响 |
| Effects of bio-organic fertilizers application on the growth promotion，disease preventionandthe soil microfloraof gravel-covered watermelon |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2017.09.011 |
| 中文关键词: 生物有机肥 压砂西瓜 枯萎病 促生 防病效果 土壤微生物区系 |
| 英文关键词: bio-organic fertilizer gravel-coveredwatermelon Fusarium wilt growth promotion disease
prevention effect soil microflora |
| 基金项目:国家公益性行业（农业）科研专项基金（201503110-08） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 2099 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 以压砂西瓜枯萎病为靶标对象，采用稀释平板涂抹法、Biolog-ECO 微平板法和田间穴施方法，
研究了施用生物有机肥对压砂西瓜的促生防病效果及对土壤微生物区系和群落功能多样性的影响。结果
表明：穴施不同用量的生物有机肥对西瓜植株具有促生长作用，对枯萎病防控效果和增产作用明显，其中
防效达77% 以上，增产率达15% 以上；且能够改变土壤微生物区系，使西瓜根部土壤细菌、放线菌数量增
加，尖孢镰刀菌（病原菌）数量减少，真菌数量呈现先减少后缓慢增加趋势；土壤微生物群落对碳源的利
用能力增高，微生物代谢活性较强，土壤微生物群落功能多样性存在一定的差异；单施基质200 g/ 穴对压砂
西瓜植株生长也具有一定的促进作用，但防病效果差于单施生物有机肥100 g/ 穴，对压砂地土壤可起到疏
松作用。总体来讲，施用生物有机肥能够明显促进压砂西瓜植株生长，有效防控西瓜枯萎病的发生，使土壤
微生物区系向着有利的方向发展。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study，Fusarium wiltofgravel-covered watermelon was taken as thetarget object. Through
dilution-plate semar，Biolog-ECO micro-plate methodand field experimentin hole application，we studied the effects
of bio-organic fertilizer application on the growth promotion，disease prevention and the effects on soil microflora，
the functional diversity of soil microbial community. The results showed that using different amount of biological
organic fertilizer application on gravel-covered watermelon plant in per hole point had a growth promotion effect.
The effect of prevention control of Fusarium wilt and yieldgoes also obviously. The control effect reached more than
77% and the growth rate of yield was above 15%. Besides，bio-organic fertilizer application can change the soil
microflora，increase the number of Bacteria and Actinomycetes in watermelon root and decrease amount of Fusarium
oxysporum（pathogens）. And the number of Fungi decreased a little before increased slowly. Still，the soil microbial
community improved their ability of using carbon resources and speed of metabolic activity. Functional diversity
of soil microbialcommunity has something in different. The application of matrix 200 g alone had a certain effect
on the growth of gravel-covered watermelon plants. However，the disease controlling effect was worse than that of bio-organic fertilizer 100 g because its main function of matrix was to loosen the soil. In general，the application of
bio-organic fertilizer can significantly promote the growth of gravel-covered watermelon plants，effectively reduce
Fusarium wilt of watermelon and drive soil microfloraof a beneficial direction. |
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