| 胡华林1，王梓懿2，王治芬3，马 秋1，杨 华4，李䶮1.两种植物精油对米象的驱避活性及其化学成分研究[J].广东农业科学,2017,44(12):116-123 |
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两种植物精油对米象的驱避活性及其化学成分研究 |
| Repellect activities and chemical composition of essential oils from two plants against Sitophilus oryzae Linnaeus |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2017.12.018 |
| 中文关键词: 花椒精油 孜然精油，米象 驱避活性 气相色谱- 质谱联用法 |
| 英文关键词: essential oil of Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxum. essential oil of Cuminum cyminum L. Sitophilus oryzae Linnaeus repellect activity gas chromatography-mass spectrumetry |
| 基金项目:贵州省科技计划项目（黔科合J 字[2015]2103 号）；国家重点研发计划项目（SQ2017ZY060072）；贵
州省科技创新人才团队项目（黔科合平台人才[2016]5625） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 采取水蒸气蒸馏法提取两种常用调味品花椒（Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxum.）和孜然
（Cuminum cyminum L.）的精油，采用滤纸片法测定精油对储粮害虫米象（Sitophilus oryzae L.）成虫的驱避
活性。结果表明：当精油浓度为5.0 mg/mL 时，花椒和孜然精油对米象成虫72 h 平均驱避率分别为64.0 %
和75.7 %，120 h 平均驱避率分别为51.8 %、63.2 %，其驱避等级均在Ⅲ级以上。采用气相色谱- 质谱联用
法（GC-MS）分析了两种植物精油的化学成分，结果从花椒精油中鉴定出57 种化合物，其相对含量达到
98.887%，相对含量最高的为芳樟醇L（26.071%），其次为萜烯醇（14.830%）、α- 萜品醇（12.754%）和
乙酸芳樟酯（9.531%）；从孜然精油中鉴定出24 种化合物，其含量达到97.999，相对含量最高的为茴香甲
醛（44.057%），其次为茴香脑（38.691%）、草蒿脑（7.960%）和γ- 萜品烯（2.799%）。上述结果说明两
种植物精油对米象成虫的驱避活性显著，具备开发成新型绿色驱虫剂的潜力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Essential oils were extracted from Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxum. and Cuminum cyminum L.
by steam distillation. The repellect activities of the oils were measured by filter method against stored grain pest
Sitophilus oryzae Linnaeus. The results showed that the average repellency within 72 h and 120 h of the oils were 62.4
%，76.5 % and 52.7 %，64.1 %，respectively，the repellecy level was above Ⅲ conformably. And，the chemical
components of essential oils were analyzed and determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrumetry. 57 compounds were identified in Z. bungeanum oil，the total content was 98.887 %，including linalool L（ 26.071 %），terpinen-
4-ol（ 14.830 %），α-terpineol（ 12.754 %） and linalyl acetate（ 9.531 %）. 24 compounds were identified in C.
cyminum oil，the totoal content was 97.999 %，including cuminal（ 44.057 %），trans-anethole（ 38.691 %），
estragole（ 7.960 %） and γ-terpinene（ 2.799 %）. The results show that the oils had high repellect activities to S.
oryzae L. adults. So，the oils have the potential to be developed as new type green pesticide. |
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