| 高 磊1，冯恩友2，俞 婷3，李高科1，李春艳1，李余良1，文天祥1，胡建广1.南方机械播种对不同甜玉米品种产量形成的影响[J].广东农业科学,2018,45(2):1-6 |
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南方机械播种对不同甜玉米品种产量形成的影响 |
| Effects of mechanical sowing on yield formation of different sweet corn varieties in southern area |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2018.02.001 |
| 中文关键词: 甜玉米 机械播种 鲜穗产量 产量形成 |
| 英文关键词: sweet corn mechanical sowing fresh ear yield yield formation |
| 基金项目:国家玉米产业技术体系广州综合试验站项目（C A R S - 0 2 - 5 0）；广东省农业科学院院长基金
（201609）；广东省科技计划项目（2015A020208006，2015B020202006，2016B020233004，2017B090907023，
2017B020203003）；2015 年中央农业技术推广与服务补助资金（粤农财[2015]59 号）；鲜食玉米现代种业育繁推一体
化创新发展联盟建设项目（粤农计[2016]35 号） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为形成南方鲜食玉米区机械播种的农机农艺配套技术，筛选适合机播的甜玉米品种，选用
6～7 个甜玉米优良品种和勺式双行播种机，在珠三角垄作区（2016 春种）、粤西平作区（2017 春种）进
行大田机播试验，每穴播2 粒种子，研究机播对不同品种产量形成的影响。结果表明，粤甜28、粤甜27、
粤甜26 的鲜穗产量在2 年均居前3 位，具有较高的稳产性，年均鲜穗产量分别为16 919.6、17 910.0、
15 320.4 kg/hm2；种子萌发率85% 以上、发芽势50% 以上的品种有4 个，说明从萌发角度可初筛适宜机播
的品种；垄作区、平作区每穴出苗分别为0.81～1.22 株、0.67～1.73 株，间苗（空穴不补苗）后，平均存苗
率87.6%、82.8%，存苗率最高的3 个品种，在垄作区依次是粤甜28、粤甜27、粤甜26，在平作区依次是粤
甜27、正甜68、粤甜28，说明从存苗率角度可筛选适宜机播品种；苗期整齐度前3 位的品种是粤甜28、粤
甜27、正甜68。从发芽率、发芽势、存苗率、产量稳定性可筛选适宜机播甜玉米品种，2 年2 区域的试验表
明，粤甜28、粤甜27 具有较高的萌发率、萌发势、苗期整齐度和稳定的鲜穗产量，适宜机播。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to form the technology of agricultural machinery and agronomy，the sweet corn varieties
suitable for machinery sowing were selected in the southern fresh corn area. This study used 6～7 sweet corn
varieties and spoonful double row planter. The mechanical seeding experiments were carried out in ridge cultivation
in Pearl River Delta（ spring of 2016） and various cultivation in the west of Guangdong Province（ spring of 2017）， respectively. The effects of machinery sowing on the yield formation of different sweet corn varieties were studied.
The results showed that the fresh ear yield of Yuetian 28，Yuetian 27 and Yuetian 26 was the top three，and the yield
stability was well in the two seasons，the average fresh ear yield of two seasons were 16 919.6，17 910.0，15 320.4
kg/hm2，respectively. Among 7 varieties，there were 4 varieties with seed germination rates in more than 85%，
germination potential in more than 50% of all varieties. From the perspective of germination，we can preliminary
screening suitable mechanical sowing of sweet corn varieties. In ridge cultivation and various cultivation，seedlings
emergence per hole were 0.81～1.22 and 0.67～1.73 respectively. After thinning without filling the gaps with
seedlings，the average rates of surviving seedings were 87.6% and 82.8% respectively. The highest surviving rates
of the top three，in turn，were Yuetian 28，Yuetian 27，Yuetian 26 in ridge cultivation，and were Yuetian 27，
Zhengtian 68 and Yuetian 28 in various cultivation. The result shows that from the perspective of seeding survival rate
can preliminary screening suitable for mechanical sowing of sweet corn varieties. Two seasons of field trials showed
that the highest uniformity of the top three varieties in seedling stage were Yuetian 28，Yuetian 27，and Zhengtian
68. Conclusion，from the seed germination rate，germination potential，rates of surviving seeding，and yield stability
can preliminary screening suitable for mechanical planting varieties. From two sites and seasons of the test shows that
Yuetian 27 and Yuetian 28 with higher germination rate，germination potential and seedling uniformity，and stability
of fresh ear yield，are suitable for mechanical sowing. |
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