| 艾飞翔1，周靖怡1，马 秋2，张恩生1，陈小莉1，胡华林2，李 䶮2，杨 华1.延安产 2 种蒿类挥发油提取及抑菌活性分析[J].广东农业科学,2018,45(11):104-109 |
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延安产 2 种蒿类挥发油提取及抑菌活性分析 |
| Antifungal activity and chemical components of volatile oils from two Artemisia species of Yan’an area |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2018.11.016 |
| 中文关键词: 白蒿精油 青蒿精油 抑菌活性 气相色谱-质谱联用法（GC-MS） |
| 英文关键词: Artemisia carvifolia Herba artimisiae sieversianae volatile oils antifungal activity gas-chromatography-mass spectrum (GC-MS) |
| 基金项目:陕西省自然科学基金（2018JM2055）；延安大学大学生创新训练计划项目（D201607）；延安大学校级引导项目（YDY2017-08）；贵州省科学技术基金（黔科合J字[2015]2103号） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 针对延安产的青蒿（Artemisia carvifolia）和白蒿（Herba artimisiae sieversianae）2种植物，采取水蒸气蒸馏法提取其挥发油，采用菌丝生长速率法及96孔板法检测挥发油的抑菌活性，结果表明：当浓度是2.0 mg/mL时，青蒿挥发油对9种被测植物病原真菌的抑制作用均较差，对油菜菌核（Sclerotinia sclerotioru）活性最好，也仅为57.30%；白蒿挥发油对受试真菌的抑制作用较强，对人参锈腐菌（Cylindrocarpon destructans）、梨黑星病（Venturia nashicola）、烟草赤星病菌（Alternaria alternata）的抑制率均达到90%以上；2种精油除了对大肠杆菌（Escherichia coli）表现出较弱的抑制活性外，对于其他受试菌均无活性，其最小抑菌浓度（MIC）均为500 mg/mL。采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）分析了2种蒿挥发油的主要化学成分，结果从青蒿中鉴定出26种化合物，其中含量最多的为石竹烯氧化物（25.75%）；从白蒿中鉴定出49种化合物，萘嵌戊烷含量最高（30.37%），分析结果显示延安产2种蒿挥发油的主要成分和含量与其他产地的差异较大。白蒿挥发油具有显著的抑菌活性，具备开发为绿色杀菌剂的潜力。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Volatile oils were extracted from two Artemisia species of Yan’an by steam distillation. Antifungal and antibacteria activities were measured by mycelium growth rate and 96 well plate method. The results showed that at the concentration of 2.0 mg/mL, the antifungal activity of Artemisia stelleriana oil was weak and the highest inhibition rate was only 57.3% against Sclerotinia sclerotioru. Volatile oil of Herba artimisiae sieversianae showed significant antifungal activity against 9 tested fungus and inhibition rates reached above 90% against Cylindrocarpon destructans, Venturia nashicola, Alternaria alternata. Antibacterial activities of the oils were not observed except for Escherichia coli and inhibition rates were 500 mg/mL. Chemical components of volatile oils were analyzed and determined by gas chromatography- mass spectrum. 26 compounds were indentified from A. carvifolia oil. The most content was caryophyllene oxide and the content reached 25.75%. 49 compounds were indentified from H. artimisiae sieversianae and the highest contest of penylene pentane was 30.37%. The result showed volatile oil of H. artimisiae sieversianae had potential to be developed as new type green fungicide agents. |
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