| 邓正华 1
，陈明强 1
，李有宁 1
，赵 旺 1
，郑 兴 2，刘 芊 3，王继金 4，王 雨 1.3 种野生珍珠贝表型性状比较及通径分析[J].广东农业科学,2019,46(1):122-132 |
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3 种野生珍珠贝表型性状比较及通径分析 |
| Comparison of Phenotypic Traits and Path Analysis of Three Species of Wild Pearl Oysters |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2019.01.018 |
| 中文关键词: 合浦珠母贝 黑珠母贝 射肋珠母贝 表型比较 通径分析 |
| 英文关键词: Pinctada fucata Pinctada nigra Pinctada radiate phenotypic traits comparison path analysis |
| 基金项目:广东省海洋渔业科技与产业发展专项珍珠产业发展项目（Z2014003）；广东省渔港建设和渔业发展专项海洋渔业科技推广方向珍珠类项目（B201601-Z02）；海南省重点研发计划项目（ZDYF2017037）；北海市本级科学研究与技术开发项目（201777038） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】为开发具有优良生产性能的珍珠贝新品种，并为亲贝的挑选提供科学依据。【方法】取
自然海区捕捞的野生合浦珠母贝、黑珠母贝和射肋珠母贝各 100 只，测量其形态性状（壳长、壳高、壳宽、绞
合线长）和经济性状（湿重、软体重、壳重）。对其各表型性状进行比较，并应用通径分析和多元回归等方法
进行数据分析。【结果】合浦珠母贝各表型性状的均值和极大值均大于其他两种珍珠贝，而射肋珠母贝的壳高、
壳宽、绞合线长及含肉率大于黑珠母贝。各性状相关系数中，除射肋珠母贝的壳高与壳宽之间相关性不显著外，
其他种类性状间均达到极显著水平。3 种野生珍珠贝中，影响合浦珠母贝、黑珠母贝和射肋珠母贝湿重的直接
作用最大的形态性状分别为壳宽（0.362）、壳高（0.517）和壳长（0.337）；影响软体重直接作用最大的分别
为壳宽（0.379）、壳高（0.388）和壳宽（0.340）；影响壳重直接作用最大的形态性状均是壳高。【结论】3
种珍珠贝间影响其湿重的最大形态性状不同，影响其壳重的形态性状都相同。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】 The objective of the study was to provide scientific reference for the development of new
species with excellent production performance and the selection of parents pearl oysters. 【Method】 One hundred wild
pearl oysters from each of three species (Pinctada fucata, Pinctada nigra and Pinctada radiata) were collected from natural
sea areas and their morphological traits (shell length, shell height, shell width and hinge length) and main economic traits
(wet weight, tissue weight and shell weight) were measured. The phenotypic traits were compared, and path analysis and multiple regression were used for data analysis. 【Result】The results showed that the average and maximum values of the
phenotypic traits of P. fucata were higher than those of P. nigra and P. radiata, and the shell height, shell width, hinge length
and flesh content of the P. radiata were higher than those of P. nigra. Among the correlation coefficients of all phenotypic traits,
except for the correlation between the shell height and shell width of the Pinctada radiata, the correlation of traits of other wild
pearl oysters reached an extremely remarkable level. Among the three species of wild pearl oysters, the morphological traits with
the maximum direct impact on the wet weight of the P. fucata, P. nigra and P. radiata were shell width (0.362), shell height
(0.517) and shell length (0.337), respectively. The morphological traits with the maximum direct impact on the tissue weight of
the P. fucata, P. nigra and P. radiata were shell width (0.379), shell height (0.388) and shell width (0.340) respectively. The
morphological traits with the maximum direct impact on the shell weight of the P. fucata, P. nigra and P. radiata was shell height.
【Conclusion】The morphological traits with the maximum direct impact on the wet weight of the three species of pearl oysters
are different, while the morphological traits with the maximum direct impact on shell weight are the same. |
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