| 冯艳琼 1，2，何彤慧 1，2，吴春燕 1，2，乔 斌 3，苏芝屯 1，2.银川平原草甸湿地土壤分形特征[J].广东农业科学,2019,46(4):58-66 |
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银川平原草甸湿地土壤分形特征 |
| Soil Fractal Characteristics in Meadow Wetlands of Yinchuan Plain |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2019.04.009 |
| 中文关键词: 草甸湿地 土壤粒径 分形维数 植物多样性 |
| 英文关键词: Yinchuan Plain meadow wetland soil fractal dimension plant diversity |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（41361095,41761102）；宁夏大学研究生创新项目（2018079） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】探究银川平原草甸湿地土壤的分形特征、粒径分布特点以及它们在土壤垂直剖面上的变
化规律，并对研究区土壤分形维数与植物群落多样性的关系做初步探索。【方法】以银川平原草甸湿地的土壤
为研究对象，利用水分和盐分差异将研究区分为低湿草甸、典型草甸和盐生草甸 3 种生境，采用粒径质量分布
表征土壤的分形特征，选用 Simpson 物种优势度指数、Shannon-Weiner 物种多样性指数、Margalef 物种丰富度指
数和 Pielou 物种均匀度指数作为植物的多样性指数，进行对比研究。【结果】银川平原草甸湿地土壤以粘粒的
微团聚体为主，分形维数值趋于 2.28~2.84；3 种草甸湿地的土壤分形维数存在显著差异，表现为典型草甸（2.74）
＞盐生草甸（2.72）＞低湿草甸（2.66）；土壤分形维数与粘粒含量呈极显著正相关，与极细砂粒和细砂粒含量
呈极显著负相关；土壤垂直剖面上表层粘粒和粉粒含量较高，深层极细砂粒和细砂粒含量较高，中砂粒波动较大，
粗砂粒仅出现在表层或深层；低湿草甸的植物群落物种多样性较高，多样性指数平均值达 1.15。【结论】银川
平原草甸湿地土壤粒径和分形特点受局部地形环境的水文关系影响较明显；水土过程对植物群落物种多样性产
生直接影响，土壤物理结构对植物群落物种多样性起间接驱动作用，同时人为因素起着至关重要的作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The study probed into the fractal characteristics and particle size distribution of soil in
the meadow wetland of Yinchuan Plain and their variation in vertical profile of soil, and made a preliminary exploration on
the relationship between the fractal dimension of soil and the diversity of plant communities in the study area.【Method】
Taking the soil of meadow wetland in Yinchuan Plain as the research object, the study area was divided into three habitats,
i.e. low humidity meadow, typical meadow and halophytic meadow based on the differences of water and salinity..Fractal
characteristics of soil were characterized by particle size distribution. Simpson species dominance index, Shannon-Weiner
species diversity index, Margalef species richness index and Pielou species evenness index were selected as plant diversity
indexes, and a comparative study was carried out. 【Result】The soil of meadow wetland in Yinchuan Plain was dominated by clay micro-aggregates, and the fractal dimension values ranged from 2.28 to 2.84. There were significant differences in soil
fractal dimensions of three types of meadow wetlands, and the fractal dimension values were showed as: typical meadow (2.74)
> halophytic meadow (2.72) > low humidity meadow (2.66). The fractal dimension of soil was positively correlated with clay
content and negatively correlated with the content of ultra-fine sand and fine sand. The contents of surface clay and silt were
relatively high in the vertical profile of soil while the contents of ultra-fine sand and fine sand were higher in deep layer. The
content of medium sand fluctuated greatly, and the coarse sand only appeared in the surface layer or deep layer. The species
diversity of plant communities in low humidity meadow was higher and the average diversity index was 1.15.【Conclusion】
Soil particle size and fractal characteristics of meadow wetlands in Yinchuan Plain were obviously affected by the hydrological
relation of local topography environment. Soil and water processes had a direct impact on species diversity of plant communities.
Soil physical structure played an indirect driving role in species diversity of plant communities, and human factors played a vital
role at the same time. |
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