| 李文秀，贺军军，张华林，罗 萍.橡胶树叶蓬物候研究进展[J].广东农业科学,2019,46(11):37-44 |
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橡胶树叶蓬物候研究进展 |
| Research Progress in the Phenology of Heava brasiliensis Leaf |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2019.11.006 |
| 中文关键词: 橡胶树 叶蓬 物候 物候期 农艺措施 |
| 英文关键词: Heava brasiliensis leaf phenology phenological phase agronomic measures |
| 基金项目:国家天然橡胶产业技术体系湛江综合试验站项目（CARS-34-GD1）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金（2012hzs1J018）；广东省自然科学基金（2016A030310011） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 1727 |
| 全文下载次数: 821 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 天然橡胶是我国国防战略不可缺的资源，在国计民生方面具有不可替代的作用。物候能直观反映
作物特征，人们可根据物候确定割胶、施肥、育苗、采种和病虫害防治等各项作业的农时安排，而叶蓬物候是
橡胶树物候的重要方面，也是橡胶树物候研究的热点之一。但我国橡胶树物候研究起步较晚，橡胶树叶蓬物候
方面的研究并不深入。重新划分了橡胶树叶蓬物候期，介绍了叶蓬物候的观测方法，并综述了与施肥、育苗、
割胶、生理生化和抗逆性相关的橡胶树叶蓬物候研究，发现橡胶树根系生长快慢、芽接成化率、根接成化率与
叶蓬物候有关，落叶期到萌动期不宜进行割胶，萌芽抽叶阶段植株代谢调节和能量转化旺盛，古铜期和淡绿期
抗逆性差，最后展望了橡胶树叶蓬物候未来可研究的方向。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Natural rubber is an indispensable resource of national defense strategy and plays an irreplaceable role
in the national welfare and the people's livelihood. Phenology can directly reflect the characteristics of crops. People can
determine the agricultural time arrangements of rubber tapping, fertilization, seedling raising, seed collection and pest control
according to the phenology. Leaf phenology is an important aspect of rubber tree phenology, and is also a hot spot of rubber
tree phenology research. However, research on para rubber phenology is not sufficient since the research in the phenology of
para rubber tree is relatively new in China. This paper classified the phenology period of para rubber leaves, introduced the
observation methods of the phenology, and summarized the study of rubber tree phenology related to fertilization, seedling
raising, rubber tapping, physiology and biochemistry and stress resistance. The results showed that the root growth speed,
the survival rate of budding grafting and the survival rate of root grafting of para rubber tree were related to the phenology of
leaf. Rubber tapping was not available from defoliation to germination. the metabolic regulation and energy transformation of
plants were vigorous in sprouting stage, and poor stress resistance were found in bronze period and pale green period. Finally,
the research direction of phenology of para rubber tree was prospected. |
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