不同光色 LED 灯对育雏期文昌鸡生长性能的影响

严　霞1; 欧丁僮 2; 刘天飞 1; 王　劼 1; 罗成龙 1

文章摘要

严　霞1 ，欧丁僮 2，刘天飞 1 ，王　劼 1 ，罗成龙 1.不同光色 LED 灯对育雏期文昌鸡生长性能的影响[J].广东农业科学,2019,46(11):112-118

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Effects of Different LED Light Colors on Growth Performanceof Wenchang Chicken during Brooding Stage

DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2019.11.016

中文关键词: 光色光照环境 LED 灯育雏期文昌鸡生长性能

英文关键词: light color iuumination environment LED light brooding stage Wenchang chicken growth performance

基金项目:广东省科技计划项目（2017B020206003，2017B020232003）；国家肉鸡产业技术体系项目（CARS-41）

作者	单位
严　霞1 ，欧丁僮 2，刘天飞 1 ，王　劼 1 ，罗成龙 1	1. 广东省农业科学院动物科学研究所 / 畜禽育种国家重点实验室 / 广东省动物育种与营养公共实验室 / 广东省畜禽育种与营养研究重点实验室，广东广州 510640； 2. 仲恺农业工程学院动物科技学院，广东广州 510225

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中文摘要:

【目的】基于鸡不同时期对光环境的不同需求，研究最佳的光照体系。采用定制的 5 W LED 灯作为人工光源，研究白、暖白、红、黄、蓝、绿、紫 7 种光色对育雏期文昌鸡生长性能的影响，确定育雏期适合文昌鸡养殖的最适光色。【方法】将 630 只体重相近的 1 日龄文昌鸡母鸡，随机分配到 7 个不同光色处理中，每个处理 3 个重复，每个重复 30 只鸡，笼养、自由采食和饮水。24 h 光照，试验周期 8 周。【结果】8 周龄时蓝光处理文昌鸡平均体重最高达 793.16 g，比红光、白光和绿光处理文昌鸡分别重 58.68、45.17、45.77 g，差异显著。蓝光处理文昌鸡平均体增重与红光、绿光和白光处理文昌鸡差异显著，蓝光处理文昌鸡体增重比白光对照处理增重 45.12 g，红光处理文昌鸡体增重最少。试验全期，蓝光处理文昌鸡群体体重均匀度最好，在 90% 以上。蓝光处理与绿光处理文昌鸡体增重均匀度差异显著；蓝光处理文昌鸡体增重均匀度最好，其次是白光和暖白光处理。白光处理文昌鸡料肉比最低，且与黄光处理差异显著。各处理间鸡只死亡率差异不显著。【结论】综合生长体重、群体均匀度和料肉比各项指标，与白光对照处理对比，LED 蓝光可显著促进育雏期文昌鸡的生长，且提高群体体重均匀度，其次是紫光和黄光，而红光抑制鸡只生长，绿光处理群体体重均匀度最差。

英文摘要:

【Objective】Based on the different needs of chickens for light environment at different stages, the optimal lighting system was studied. This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of 7 LED light colors, namely, white, warm white, red, yellow, blue, green and purple, on the growth performance of Wenchang chicken during brooding stage, aiming to find out the most suitable light color for Wenchang chicken breeding.【Method】A total of 630 1-day-old Wenchang chicken (hen) of similar weight were randomly assigned to 7 different light color treatment groups. Each treatment included 3 replicated groups with 30 chicks per group. Feed and water were provided for ad libitum under cage culture. Lightwas available 24 hours every day and the test lasted for 8 weeks.【Result】The results showed that the 8-week-old chickens treated in blue light had an average body weight of up to 793.16 g, which was 58.68 g, 45.17 g, and 45.77 g heavier than those treated in red, white, and green light, showing significant differences. The average body weight gain of chickens in blue light was significantly different from that in red light, green light and white light, and the body weight gain of chickens in blue light was 45.12 g higher than that in white light, while the chickens in red light had the least body weight gain. During the whole period of the test, the weight uniformity of Wenchang chicken population in blue light was the best, with an evenness of above 90%. There was significant difference in body weight gain uniformity between blue light treatment and green light treatment, The chickens in blue light had the best body weight gain uniformity, followed by white light and warm white light treatments. White light treatment had the lowest feed conversion rate, which was significantly different from that of yellow light treatment. The chicken mortality was not significantly different among treatments.【Conclusion】Considering the growth weight, population weight uniformity and feed conversion ratio, compared with white light treatment, LED blue light could significantly promote the growth of Wenchang chickens during brooding stage and improve the uniformity of body weight, followed by purple light and yellow light treatments. While red light inhibited the growth of chickens, and green light treatment had the worst uniformity of body weight.

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