| 吕烈武 1
，王朝弼 1
，吴蔚东 2，吴治澎 2.海南岛典型水稻土硅形态空间分布特征及其有效性的影响因素[J].广东农业科学,2020,47(3):81-89 |
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海南岛典型水稻土硅形态空间分布特征及其有效性的影响因素 |
| Spatial Distribution Characteristics of SiliconFractions and Factors Influencing their Availability in Typical Paddy Soils in Hainan Island |
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| DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2020.03.011 |
| 中文关键词: 水稻土 海南岛 土壤硅形态 硅养分 有效硅 空间分布 |
| 英文关键词: paddy soil Hainan Island soil silicon fractions silicon nutrients available silicon spatial distribution |
| 基金项目:海南省基础与应用基础研究计划（自然科学领域）高层次人才基金（2019RC022） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】深入研究海南岛典型水稻土硅形态的分布状况及其有效性的影响因素，为海南岛典型水稻
土硅养分的高效施肥管理和硅肥产业的发展提供科学依据。【方法】运用逐级提取法、GIS 分析及逐步回归分析相
结合的方法，分析海南岛 5 种典型成土母质（海相沉积物、河流冲积物、玄武岩、花岗岩、砂页岩）发育的水稻
土硅形态的空间分布特征和影响有效硅的主控因子。【结果】海南岛典型水稻土有效硅平均含量为 44.79 mg/kg，
且所有样点有效硅含量低于 100 mg/kg，属于缺乏水平。土壤有效硅、有机硅与铁锰氧化结合态硅的高含量主要
分布在琼北和东南部，土壤全硅和无定形空间分布呈互补趋势。花岗岩发育水稻土有效态硅占比最低，无定形
硅占比最高，玄武岩发育的水稻土有效态硅、有机态硅和铁锰氧化物结合态硅占比最高。除成土母质外，海南
岛典型水稻土植物有效态硅主要受土壤 pH 和速效氮的调控。【结论】海南岛典型水稻土缺乏硅素现象严重，针
对不同母质发育的水稻土实施合理施肥和田间管理模式已是当务之急。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Objective】The objective was to deeply study the spatial distribution of silicon fractions and factors
influencing their availability in typical paddy soils in Hainan Island, so as to provide scientific basis for the efficient
fertilization management of silicon nutrients and the development of silicon fertilizer industry.【Method】Sequential
extraction technology combined with GIS and Stepwise Regression Analysis was applied to analyze the spatial distribution
characteristics of silicon fractions and the main controlling factors of silicon availability in typical rice paddy soil
developed from 5 parent materials（marine sediment, fluvial alluvial, basalt, granite and sandy shale）in Hainan Island.
【Result】The average available silicon content in typical paddy fields in Hainan Island was 44.79 mg/kg, and the
available silicon content in all sample sites was less than 100 mg/kg, belonging to deficiency level. The high contents of
soil available, organic and Fe/Mn-oxide silicon were mainly distributed in the northern and southeastern Hainan Island,which exhibited a complementary trend to spatial distribution patterns of the total silicon and amorphous silicon. The percent
of soil available silicon in granite-based paddy fields was the lowest and that of the amorphous silicon was the highest, while
the percent of soil available, organic and Fe/Mn-oxide silicon was highest compared to other parent materials. Except for
the soil parent material, the availability of soil silicon in typical paddy fields of Hainan Island was mainly regulated by soil
pH and available nitrogen.【Conclusion】Considering the serious silicon deficiency in typical paddy soils, it is urgent to
implement reasonable fertilization and field management measures for paddy soils derived from different parent materials. |
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