10 个木薯新品系主要农艺性状分析与综合评价

宋记明 1; 张林辉 1; 段春芳 1; 姜太玲 1; 刘　倩 1; 熊贤坤 1; 常瑞姗 2; 刘光华 1

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宋记明 1，张林辉 1，段春芳 1，姜太玲 1，刘　倩 1，熊贤坤 1，常瑞姗 2，刘光华 1.10 个木薯新品系主要农艺性状分析与综合评价[J].广东农业科学,2020,47(4):8-15

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Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Main Agronomic Traits of Ten New Lines of Cassava

DOI：10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2020.04.002

中文关键词: 木薯新品系农艺性状产量综合评价云南

英文关键词: cassava new lines agronomic trait yield comprehensive evaluation Yunnan

基金项目:国家木薯产业技术体系保山综合试验站（CARS-11-YNLGH）；云南省云岭产业技术领军人才培养项目

作者	单位
宋记明 1，张林辉 1，段春芳 1，姜太玲 1，刘　倩 1，熊贤坤 1，常瑞姗 2，刘光华 1	1. 云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所 /农业农村部保山热带作物科学观测实验站，云南保山 678000；2. 保山市隆阳区瓦房彝族苗族乡农业综合服务中心，云南保山 678009

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中文摘要:

【目的】筛选适宜云南种植的木薯新品系，为品种审定和生产推广提供科学依据。【方法】以引进的 10 个木薯新品系为试验材料，2 个云南省主栽品种为对照，在云南省隆阳区、勐海县、元谋县、马关县开展区域试验，综合评价其主要生物学特性、产量性状、品质及抗性等指标。【结果】56-7、58-7 和 F124 的主茎粗高于对照，其他 7 个木薯新品系低于对照；10 个木薯新品系之间植株高度差异不显著，除 43-3 和 F200 植株高度低于对照外，其他均高于对照；58-7、43-3、44-7、30-8、F124 等 5 个木薯新品系的主茎高度高于对照品种 SC205，表现为高位分枝；56-7 和 02-4 主茎的分叉多为二分叉，其他 8 个木薯新品系多为三分叉；56-7、58-7、F200、F124、02-4 等 5 个木薯新品系的单株产量高于对照品种，其中 56-7、58-7 的单株产量增产达极显著水平；58-7、43-3、14-19、30-8、F200、F124 等 6 个木薯新品系的干物率高于对照品种 GR4；10 个木薯新品系在云南不同生态区域病虫害发生较少，表现出一定的抗性。【结论】10 个参试木薯新品系中，58-7、F124、F200 和 43-3 综合表现优良，具有良好的增产效果和优良品质，在生产上有良好的推广应用前景，可适时在云南不同生态区域开展生产性试验。

英文摘要:

【Objective】New cassava lines suitable for cultivation in Yunnan were selected to provide a scientific basis for variety approval and production promotion.【Method】Ten new lines of cassava were introduced as experimental materials, and two main cassava varieties of Yunnan Province were used as controls to comprehensively evaluate the main biological characteristics, yield traits, quality and resistance. The variety comparative test was carried out in Longyang District, Menghai County, Yuanmou County, Maguan County of Yunnan Province.【Result】The main stem diameters of 56-7, 58-7 and F124 were higher than those of the control varieties, and those of the other seven new cassava lines were lower than the control varieties. There was no significant difference in plant height among ten new cassava lines. The plant heights of 43-3 and F200 were lower than those of the control varieties, and those of the other lines were higher than the control varieties. The main stem height of 58-7, 43-3, 44-7, 30-8 and F124 was higher than that of the control variety SC205, which showed high branching. The branches of main stems of 56-7 and 02-4 were mostly two branches, and those of the other lines were mostly three branches. The yield per plant of 56-7, 58-7, F200, F124, 02-4 was higher than that of the control varieties, and the yield increase per plant of 56-7 and 58-7 reached a very significant level. The dry matter rate of 58-7, 43-3, 14-19, 30-8, F200 and F124 was higher than that of the control variety GR4. The ten new cassava lines had fewer occurrences of diseases and insect pests in different ecological regions of Yunnan, showing a certain resistance.【Conclusion】Among the ten new cassava lines, the 58-7, F124, F200 and 43-3 showed superior comprehensive performance with good yield increasing effects and excellent quality. Such lines have good prospects for promotion and application in production and production experiments can be conducted in different ecological regions of Yunnan in an appropriate time.

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