| 【Objective】The germplasm resources of Phalaenopsis were collected to carry out the hybrid breeding of Phalaenopsis with fragrance and multiple flowers, to observe the performance of main target traits in progeny population, and to obtain superior individuals that meet the target traits.【Method】Conventional hybridization of Phalaenopsis was carried out with 15 Phalaenopsis species as parents, the traits of hybrid progeny were investigated and analyzed, and the relative traits were compared with those of parents.【Result】Among the 15 hybrid combinations, two combinations No. 16161（PL608×PL321）and No.16162（390×PL321）were successful in achieving mature capsules in 2016, while none of the other 13 combinations achieved either a capsule or a mature capsule. The 16161 with closest traits to parents cultivated 200 hybrid progeny populations, and promoted the flowering of 174 hybrid progeny in plain areas with air conditioning. This hybrid combination had a large number of offspring, with many flowering plants, neat plant and leaf types, strong growth potential, and inherited the fragrance of the female parent completely. The number of flowers inherited the characteristics of the female parent, which is close to the female parent, and more than that of the male parent; The colors of the flowers and the lips are the harmonious colors of the parents’, and there were gradient changes in shade and light colors. The pattern of spot distribution was the same as that of the female parent, and the flower color other than that of the parents did not appear, which was in accordance with the basic genetic law. The growth and development indexes of some hybrid progeny were better than those of parents. Six superior individuals with fragrance, multiple flowers, bright colors and good shape of flowering plants were selected and bred. The 16162 cultivated 21 hybrid progeny populations, and promoted the flowering of 12 hybrid progeny in plain areas with air conditioning. The fragrance of parents was inherited by the hybrid offspring, the number of flowers was inherited from the father and no superior individual with fragrance and multiple flowers was selected.【Conclusion】Through the hybridization of two fragrant Phalaenopsis with similar parents, some excellent individual plants of Phalaenopsis with fragrance and multiple flowers can be selected and bred. However, due to the complex genetic background and mechanism of Phalaenopsis fragrance, the offspring may not inherit the fragrance even though the parents have fragrance. Two fragrant parents PL608, PL321 in the experiment can provide references for the selection of parents of Phalaenopsis with fragrance and multiple flowers hybrid breeding in the future. |
